Ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.

Advertisements

Residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity (TLC) ratio versus FEV1 % predicted. Residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity (TLC) ratio versus FEV1 %

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Propagation of pneumonia and lung injury.

Mask fit process. Mask fit process. The mask fit process begins with 3-dimensional surface images of the subject's face (A). Three-dimensional scans are.

Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Note.

Matrix used to calculate the kappa statistic.

Trigger delays and leaks.

The Spectrum mask incorporates the leak port into the circuit, whereas the Mirage mask incorporates the leak port into the mask. The Spectrum mask incorporates.

Noninvasive ventilation-neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV-NAVA) where each patient effort is captured but support is insufficient (maximum electrical.

Differences in the distribution of lung densities in a patient with ARDS on a computed tomography scan between supine position (top) and prone position.

A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway pressure release ventilation (APRV). A: Pressure (green) and volume (black)/time curve in airway.

A 13-month-old subject had a deep tissue injury on the nose bridge when a nasal mask was used as a full face mask. A 13-month-old subject had a deep tissue.

Schematic view of the zone of apposition.

Asynchrony index at baseline and following optimization of pressure support (PS) level (A), and following optimization of mechanical inspiratory time (mechanical.

Likert-scale agreement ratings regarding the use of extubation readiness parameters by pediatric critical care physicians. Likert-scale agreement ratings.

Example airway pressure and rib-cage impedance in a premature infant supported with the biphasic mode of SiPAP (“sigh” positive airway pressure) from the.

A: Schematic representation of the heterogeneity of the lungs of patients with ARDS. Normal alveoli are subject to injury due to overdistention, whereas.

Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, Area Under the Curve, and 95% CIs for the 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 SatSeconds.

During this tracing of 30 seconds, the ventilator displays that the patient rate is 16 breaths/min. During this tracing of 30 seconds, the ventilator displays.

Example of invasive measurement of respiratory pressures.

Trigger and synchronization windows.

Typical pressure-time curves during forced expiration against an occluded airway in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and healthy controls. Typical pressure-time.

Pressure, flow, volume, and electrical activity of the diaphragm (EAdi) waveforms from a patient on pressure support ventilation, and the presumed pressure.

Methods for measurement of total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) via body plethysmography. Methods for measurement of total lung capacity.

This tracing depicts 30 seconds of information.

Example of Aerogen Solo Nebulizer before use with a fill volume of 3 mL normal saline (arrow 1) (A); the same nebulizer after random premature cessation.

Schematic drawing of alveolar sizes at upper (A), middle (B), and lower dependent (C) lung regions at end expiration and end inspiration. Schematic drawing.

Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support from inhalation to exhalation. Effect of respiratory mechanics on cycling of pressure support.

The use of a real time analyzer during a single brief inhalation-exhalation of methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H2), and carbon monoxide (CO). The use of a.

Flow, esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure can be used to calculate respiratory system compliance, chest-wall compliance,

Esophageal pressure, airway pressure, and transpulmonary pressure (PL) with PEEP set at 26 cm H2O (same patient as Fig. 24). Esophageal pressure, airway.

We connected the supplemental oxygen supply at 3 places: near the ventilator, near the exhalation valve, and on the nasal mask port. We connected the supplemental.

The curved Macintosh blade and straight Miller blade in standard adult sizes (Macintosh size 3, Miller size 2), with different handle choices available.

Blom speech cannula. Blom speech cannula. Inspiratory pressure opens the flap valve and closes (expands) the bubble valve, sealing the fenestration so.

Static pressure-volume curve from a patient with ARDS showing the lower inflection point (LIP) on the inflation limb signifying the beginning of significant.

A: Posteroanterior chest radiograph showing hypertranslucency of the left upper and middle fields with a marked reduction in the peripheral lung markings.

Process control chart of the mean monthly time between emergency department assessment/bronchodilator treatment and emergency department discharge. Process.

Control circuit for set-point or dual targeting schemes.

Study protocol. Study protocol. Subjects with hemodynamic, respiratory, and neurologic stability and positive predictive index were randomized to 3 groups.

A: Posteroanterior chest radiograph showing hypertranslucency of the left middle and lower fields with a marked reduction in the peripheral lung markings.

Comparison of alkaline glycine to normal saline inhalation (study 1).

Breathing frequency and PaCO2: comparison between high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and comparative therapies in 8 studies. Breathing frequency.

Screen shot of test acceptability and reproducibility for spirometry (upper panel) and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (lower.

Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist Ventilation). Control circuit for a servo targeting scheme (eg, Proportional Assist.

Inspiratory time in excess (TIex) with the 10 ventilators tested under 3 conditions: in the absence of leaks and with the NIV algorithm deactivated (L0NIV0),

Using the lambda, mu, sigma method, the sigma and lambda terms allow the 5th percentile lower limit of normal to be independently calculated throughout.

Mortality rate according to our integrated index that combines DH and exercise capacity. Mortality rate according to our integrated index that combines.

Mean inspiratory work of breathing during assisted breaths and spontaneous breaths across the spectrum of ventilatory support continuous mandatory ventilation.

Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.

Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli with spontaneous breathing. Schematic of mechanisms behind the better recruitment of alveoli.

Plots of alveolar PO2, hemoglobin saturation, and alveolar PCO2 as a function of alveolar ventilation in a normal subject at sea level (inspired oxygen.

Components of a patient-triggered mechanical breath.

FEV1 and FVC for the control group (without noninvasive ventilation [NIV]), NIV with an inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 15 cm H2O and expiratory pressure.

Correlation between maximum inspiratory pressure and inspiratory load compensation (ILC) ventilatory variables in the 16 difficult-to-wean subjects, prior.

Airway pressure and flow graphics illustrate delayed cycling.

Ventilation protocol. Ventilation protocol. The PEEP group raised peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) through 5-cm H2O PEEP increments every 2 min while keeping.

A: Tracheostomy timing in Project IMPACT surgical ICUs

Sequence plot visualizing the development of symptom frequency for the cohort at the individual level between 2006 and Sequence plot visualizing.

Inspiratory load compensation responses before and after inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) in the unweaned versus weaned subjects, with a 10.

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Representative tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (f) patterns of subjects with COPD and normal subjects during cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Double lumen endotracheal tube (DLET) with its upper channel dedicated to fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) and lower channel exclusively dedicated to ventilation.

Progression of spontaneous breathing trials administered during inspiratory muscle strength training study interventions. Progression of spontaneous breathing.

Residual volume (RV) upper limit of normal plotted as a percentage of the predicted value. Residual volume (RV) upper limit of normal plotted as a percentage.

For inspiratory load compensation testing, this threshold positive expiratory pressure (PEP) training device was inverted and connected to a respiratory.

Delivery efficiency with different devices, ventilator positions, and ventilator settings. Delivery efficiency with different devices, ventilator positions,

Relationship between the ΔP0. 1/end-tidal CO2 (ΔP0

A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different age groups. A: Comparison of pediatric lung transplant survival between different.

Minute-by-minute means of breathing variables during the spontaneous breathing trial for the groups of subjects with trial success (n = 32) and failure.

Presentation transcript:

Ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness. Ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness. A: Ultrasonographic view of the normal diaphragm in the zone of apposition, with B-mode in the upper part and M-mode in the lower part. B: Anatomical structures that can be identified in B-mode scanning. C: Anatomical structures that can be identified in M-mode scanning. D: Probe placement to explore the diaphragm in the zone of apposition. The distance identified by plus signs 1 in A and C is end-inspiratory thickness, whereas the distance between plus signs 2 in the same panels is the end-expiratory thickness. Michele Umbrello, and Paolo Formenti Respir Care 2016;61:542-555 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.