Homology, Biogeography & the Fossil Record

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Presentation transcript:

Homology, Biogeography & the Fossil Record Evidence of Darwin’s Theories * As we go through this Powerpoint, record some key points. You will need to create a set of notes for this section (pages 448-451 in your text)

Homology Similarities in traits resulting from a common ancestor

Anatomical Homologies Physical features (ex. Mammalian forelimbs) Vestigial organs: remnants of structures no longer of use (ex. Tailbone, appendix)

Embryological Homologies Comparison of early stages of embryo development Ex. Pharyngeal (throat) pouches  develop into gills (fish) or ear parts (human)

Greater similarities in protein structure = greater evolutionary link Molecular Homologies All living things use DNA & RNA for genetic code Greater similarities in protein structure = greater evolutionary link

Biogeography Endemic species are those that are found only in specific geographic areas (ex. Australia, Galapagos Islands) Provides evidence for reproductive isolation leading to speciation

Fossil Record Evolutionary transitions have left “signs” in the fossil record Ex. Extinct whales with 4 limbs (shows sea mammals probably evolved from terrestrial ancestors) Ex. Link between dinosaurs & birds (archaeopteryx)

Now it’s your turn  Organize your own set of notes for this section (pages 448-451) Include key terms as well as examples that support each term Key Terms: - homology/homologous - endemic - vestigial organ - fossil record - comparative embryology - transitional fossil - molecular homologies - biogeography Your notes will be checked next class & included as a part of your Learning Log/Notes for this Module.