Fig. 8. Involvement of BDNF/TrkB and ERK/CREB axes in nitroglycerin-induced rat migraine and effects of estrogen on these signals in the migraine. Involvement.

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Fig. 8. Involvement of BDNF/TrkB and ERK/CREB axes in nitroglycerin-induced rat migraine and effects of estrogen on these signals in the migraine. Involvement of BDNF/TrkB and ERK/CREB axes in nitroglycerin-induced rat migraine and effects of estrogen on these signals in the migraine. Nitroglycerin (NTC)-induced migraine attacks was accompanied by up-regulation of BDNF, TrkB, ERK and CREB in their expression and with enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB. These processes are promoted by estrogen, because the effect of NTC was attenuated in rats with ovariectomy, but not in ovariectomized rats that underwent exogenous estrogen administration. Expression or phosphorylation of BDNF, TrkB, ERK and CREB had remarkable reduction in the headache-free intervals compared to migraine attacks, suggesting that BDNF/TrkB and ERK/CREB axes participated in migraine attacks. BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; TrkB, tropomyosin receptor kinases; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; CREB, c-AMP-responsive element binding protein. Jiu-Qing Guo et al. Biology Open 2017;6:8-16 © 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd