Nature of Matter

Intro to Matter Matter- Anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter can be a solid, liquid, or gas.

Terms to Remember Volume- The amount of space taken up by an object. The formula for volume is length x width x height or LxWxH. Mass- The amount of matter in an object. Weight- A measure of the gravitational force on an object. Density- The amount of matter in a given space.

Physical Properties Physical Property- A characteristic of a substance that can be measured without changing the substance’s identity. Some examples of this are color, weight, smell, texture, and volume.

More Examples Thermal Conductivity- The rate at which a substance transfers heat. State of Matter- The physical form of a substance (solid, liquid, or gas). Solubility- The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance. Ductility- The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire. Malleability- The ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets. Density- The mass per unit volume of a substance (how much matter is there in a certain space). The formula for density is m/V or an object’s mass divided by its volume.

Chemical Properties Chemical Property- The ability of a substance to change into new matter that has different properties.

Examples Flammability- The ability of a substance to burn. Reactivity- The ability of two or more substances to combine to form one or more new substances.

Physical Changes Physical Change- A change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance. Its appearance may change, but the substance hasn’t. Examples Smashing a Can Ripping Paper Sharpening a Pencil Ice Cream Melting

Hot Gas in a Space Shuttle Chemical Changes Chemical Change- When one substance is changed into a new substance with different properties through a chemical reaction. A new substance is formed. Examples Hot Gas in a Space Shuttle Rust Baking a Cake Sour Milk