“Egypt is the gift of the Nile.” ~ Herodotus Geography of the Nile “Egypt is the gift of the Nile.” ~ Herodotus

Course of the Nile World’s longest river (4,000 miles) Empties into the Mediterranean Sea- forms a delta Nile flows from south to north Flood waters left silt on the land

Course of the Nile Upper Egypt in the south Lower Egypt in the north Nile River has two main sources The Blue Nile The White Nile Both meet and join in Sudan (country directly south of Egypt)

Black and Red Land Egyptians called their land Kemet, “the Black Land” due to the rich silt (dark soil) left behind. Red land was beyond the fertile Nile valley. This land was desert and very dry Desert (Red Land) helped protect Egypt from invasion

Growth of the Nile Farming communities showed up around 5,000 BC. Villages built around the fertile land. Nile was used for transportation and trade. In the south, trade developed over land due to Nile cataracts