10.1 Distribution of Water Water exists everywhere on Earth, and covers 70% of its surface. 97% of this water is found in the oceans. Another 2% is ice and snow, leaving only 1% as fresh water found in the ground, rivers, lakes and streams. Finding fresh water to drink is a challenge in many places, as most fresh water is under the ground. See page 362 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

The Water Cycle Earth is the only planet with water in all 3 states Water is continually cycling through the water cycle Heat energy from the Sun causes these changes to drive the water cycle. Solid  Liquid = Melting Liquid  Gas = Evaporation Gas  Liquid = Condensation Liquid  Solid = Solidify/Freeze Solid  Gas = Sublimation Gas  Solid = Deposition See page 364 (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007

The Water Cycle (continued) The water cycle occurs everywhere, not just oceans Water evaporates when it is warmed, and then condenses in the atmosphere as clouds when it cools and falls as precipitation. The water then runs-off back to storage basins, or soaks into the ground. A hydrologist is a scientist who studies water systems An oceanographer studies oceans specifically See pages 404 - 405 Take the Section 10.1 Quiz (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007