Functions of the Circulatory System Transports oxygen and nutrients Carries disease-fighting materials produced by the immune system Contains cell fragments and proteins for blood clotting Distributes heat throughout the body to help regulate body temperature

Circulatory System 3 types of Blood Vessels Arteries Veins Capillaries

Arteries Oxygenated blood is carried away from the heart. ***(With the exception of the PULMONARY ARTERY, which carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs)

Veins Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart ***(with the exception of the PULMONARY VEIN, which carries oxygenated blood back to the heart)

Capillaries Microscopic blood vessels where the exchange of important substances and wastes occur The walls are only one cell thick.

The Heart A hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body Pumps oxygenated blood to the body Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Structure of the Heart Divided into four compartments called chambers The right atrium and the left atrium receive blood returning to the heart. The right ventricle and left ventricle pump blood away from the heart.

A strong muscular wall- septum separates the left side of the heart from the right side of the heart. Valves separate the atria from the ventricles and keep blood flowing in one direction.

Circulatory System Circulatory, Respiratory, and Excretory Systems Section 1 Circulatory, Respiratory, and Excretory Systems Circulatory System

How the Heart Beats -Basics The atria fill with blood. The atria contract, filling the ventricles with blood. The ventricles contract, pushing blood out of the heart

Blood Flow through the Heart and Body Deoxygenated blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle and is pumped through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary arteries that lead to the lungs. Oxygenated blood flows from the lungs through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium of the heart.

Section 1 Circulatory, Respiratory, and Excretory Systems Circulatory System The blood moves from the left atrium through the bicuspid/mitral valve into the left ventricle, which pumps the blood through the aortic valve into the largest artery in the body, the aorta. Oxygen is released from the blood into the body cells by diffusion, and carbon dioxide moves from the cells to the blood by diffusion.

Section 1 Circulatory, Respiratory, and Excretory Systems Circulatory System Pulse The alternating expansion and relaxation of the artery wall caused by contraction of the left ventricle Blood Pressure A measure of how much pressure is exerted against the vessel walls by the blood Blood Pressure

Components of Blood Plasma Watery part of blood that carries nutrients and waste products from the cells Platelets Clotting agent of blood that contains fibrin - protein that traps platelets and RBCs at the site of a wound

White Blood Cells Recognize, fight and kill disease-causing organisms Red Blood Cells Carry oxygen to all of the body’s cells on an iron-containing protein called hemoglobin (makes RBCs red)

Blood Types There are four types of blood—A, B, AB, and O. Rh Factor Another marker found on the surface of red blood cells

Blood Typing- ABO & Rh system Type Marker on the RBC Antibodies Other Info A Marker A Anti-B Attacks B blood B Marker B Anti-A Attacks A blood AB Marker A & B None Universal Recipient O Anti-A & Anti-B Universal Donor Rh+ (positive) Rh factor None May receive +/- blood Rh- (negative) Anti-Rh Only Rh –

Click here to review antigens and antibodies in a labeling activity. Blood Type Exercise Click here to review antigens and antibodies in a labeling activity. Back to Directory