foHkkxk/;{k Lkekt’kkL= Lkekt’kkL= foHkkx 'kkldh; egkfo|ky; lruk e- iz- MkW- xkSgj gqtSQk [kku foHkkxk/;{k Lkekt’kkL=

Lkkekftd vuqla/kku esa fopkj.kh; O;ogkfjd ckrsaA izLrkouk% lekt ds lHkh izkf.k;ksa es ekuo ls fHkUu gSa ekuo dh fHkUurk dh ,d izeq[k dkj.k mldk vius vuqHkoksa dks lqjf{kr j[kus ,oa mUgs vxyh ih<+h rd iWgqpkus dh {kerk gSA lekt es euq"; gh ,d ,slk izk.kh gS tks viuh izfØ;k dks nksgjkrs gq;s vius Kku esa o`f) dj izd`fr ls vf/kd ls vf/kd leUo; LFkkfir djrk gSA vkSj tc ge lkekftd ?kVukvksa ds laca/k es uohu Kku dh izkfIr mldk Li"V vkSj lR;kiu djrs gSA rks mls lkekftd vuqla/kku ;k 'kks/k (Social Research)dgkWa tkrk gSA lkekftd vuqla/kku ds mn~ns’; %& lS)kafUrd vFkok Kku laca/kh mn~ns’; A O;ogkfjd vFkok mi;ksfxrk oknh mn~ns’;A

lkekftd vuqla/kku dh fo’ks"krk,W%& 1- lkekftd ?kVukvksa ls lacaf/kr 2- oSKkfud i)fr 3- vuqHko ijd i)fr 4- iqjkus rF;ksa dk iquZlR;kiu 5- lkekftd ?kVukvksa esa varZlaca/k cukukA 6- lkekftd ?kVukvksa ds laca/k esaA 7- lkekftd fl)kUrksa ds fu#i.k esa lgk;d

lkekftd 'kks/k dk v/;;u {ks= (Scope of Social Research) 1- u;s fl)kUrksa ls lacaf/kr ’kks/k Research Related to new principal 2- iqjkus fl)kUrksa ds lR;kiu ls lacaf/kr ‘’kks/k A Research Releted to the verification of old Theories. 3- lkekftd lajpuk vkSj izdk;Z Research Related to Social Structure and function. 4- f}rh;d rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr ‘’kks/k A Research based on secondary data. 5- iz;ksx i)fr ij vk/kkfjr ’kks/k A Research based on Experimental Method.

lkekftd vuqla/kku vKkurk dh ek=k Removal on Inrorance lekt dY;k.k esa lgk;d Helpful in Social Welfare uohu Kku dh izkfIr Acduisition of New Knowledge lkekftd fu;a=.k esa lgk;d Helful in Social Control iz’kklu ,oa lekt lq/kkj es lgk;d Helful in Administration and Social Research lS)kafud mi;ksfxrk Theoretical Importance

lkekftd vuqla/kku dh fof/k;kW 1- xq.kkRed fof/k;kWa 2- la[;kRed fof/k;kWa ek=kRed vifj.kkRed 3- vU; fof/k;kWA iqLrdky; rFkk dk;ZLFky v/;;u fof/k;kWa izk;ksfxd rFkk losZ{k.k fodkloknh rqyukRed fof/k;kWA

lkekftd vuqla/ku ds izsjd rRo vKkurk ds izfr ftKklk dk;Zdkj.k laca/k Kkr djus dh bPNk ubZ iz.kkfy;ksa dh [kkst rFkk iquZ%ijh{kk O;ogkfjd vuqla/kku ekSfyd vuqla/kku orZeku {ks=h; ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqlkj ifjorZu fd, tkrs gSA fØ;k ’kks/k {ks= es fdl izdkj ykxw dh tk ldrh gSA

lkekftd 'kks/k ds izeq[k pj.k (Steps of Social Research) 'kks/k izfrosnu dk izLrqfrdj.k lanHkZ lwph dk fodkl lkekU;hdj.k rFkk fu;eksaa dh izfrLFkkiuk rF;ksa dk fo’ys"k.k ,oa fuokZpu rF;ksa dk izfdz;kdj.k] lkj.kh;u ,oa oxhZdj.k rF;ksa dk ladyu v/;;u midj.k dk iwoZ izf’k{k.k v/;;u midj.k dk fuekZ.k v/;;u i}fr dk pquko midYiuk dk fuekZ.k {ks= dk fu/kkZj.k fo"k; ;k leL;k dk p;u

‘USE OF SCIENTIFIC METHODS IN STUDYING SOCIAL PHENOMENA There is nothing artificial supernatural about social phenomena… social phenomena are as natural as the phenomena of magnetism, gravitation and electricity and a modern city us natural as an ant-hill. Robert Bierstedt In a wide sense any mode of investigation by which science has been built up and being developed is entitled to be called a scientific method. A Wolfe. Essential of Scientific Method It is chaotic , disordered and meaningless only to superficial observer. The more we study it, the more orderly and practicable this behavior becomes. George A. Lundberg, Social Research ed. 1951

‘NATURE OF SOCIAL PHENOMENA Complexity in Social Phenomena. Dynamic Nature Abstractness Lack of objectivity Heterogeneity Qualitativeness Lack of Universality Impossibility of Experiment Lack of Exact prediction

‘NEED OF SOCIAL RESEARCH IN INDIA For knowing the detailed of Indian social system For knowing and solving the social problem For solving the economic problem For making the social policies For planning's of social welfare Need of social research for Planning Commission Need of field of the industry and Commerce