Advanced Biology Connective Tissue

Found everywhere in body

Connective Tissue Proper Cartilage Bone Blood

Binding and Support Protection Insulation Transportation

Embryonic Tissue where all other types arise from

Cartilage – avascular Dense – poor vascularization All others have rich supply

Non-living Allows for weight bearing, great tension, endures abrasion

GROUND Amorphous – unstructured Interstitial fluid Cell adhesion proteins – fibronectin and laminin =glue

GROUND Holds fluid Acts as a sieve, or medium through which nutrients diffuse

FIBERS Provide support

COLLAGEN Made of protein collagen Very tough, ability to resist longitudinal stress Appear white – white fibers

ELASTIC Made of protein elastin Stretch and recoil (rubber band) Skin, lungs Appear yellow – yellow fibers

RETICULAR Fine collagenous Branch extensively, form networks surrounded by BV Found where CT meets other tissues

CELLS -blast = immature -cyte= mature

FIBROBLAST Immature connective tissue proper

CHONDROBLAST Immature cartilage

OSTEOBLAST Immature bone cell

HEMOCYTOBLAST Immature blood cell

WHITE BLOOD CELLS Neutrophils Eosinophils Lymphocytes

PLASMA CELLS Produce Antibodies

MAST CELLS Clustered in tissue spaces Detect foreign substances, initate inflammatory response Heparin – anticoagulant (free in blood stream) Histamine – makes capillaries leaky

MACROPHAGES Large, irregular shaped – phagocytize foreign material All have certain roles: Histiocytes - Kupffer cells – liver Microglial – brain

EMBRYONIC 1st Definitive Layer Layer from which all others differentiate Temporary – Wharton’s Jelly which supports umbilical cord

CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER Loose Dense

Loose = Areolar, Adipose, Reticular Dense = Dense regular, Dense irregular, elastic