1. www.soran.edu.iq Physiology Behrouz Mahmoudi Connective Tissue 1

2. www.soran.edu.iq What type of connective tissue is shown below? 1.2. 3.4. Cartilage Blood Adipose Tissue (Loose Connective Tissue) Bone 2

3. www.soran.edu.iq Connective Tissue  Most abundant and widely distributed tissue  Main classes: 1.Connective tissue proper (loose & dense) 2.Cartilage 3.Bone 4.Blood  Functions: 1.Binding and support 2.Protection 3.Insulation 4.Transport substances 3

4. www.soran.edu.iq Classification  Variations in blood supply Avascular (no blood) – cartilage Poorly vascular – tendons, ligaments  Extracellular matrix Produced by cells, secreted to exterior Ground substance: “glue” - fills space between cells & fibers ○ water + adhesion proteins + polysaccharides Fibers: provide support ○ Collagen - strength ○ Elastic – stretch ○ Reticular – fine network, “skeleton” of organs 4

5. www.soran.edu.iq Loose Connective Tissue  Universal packing material  Subclasses: areolar, adipose, reticular  Structure: softer, fewer fibers, gel-like matrix  Functions: Cushion & protect organs (areolar, fat) Store nutrients (fat) Internal framework (reticular) Fight infection (areolar)  Cells: fibroblasts, adipocytes (fat cells)  Locations: under skin, lymph nodes, hips, behind eyeballs 5

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9. Dense Connective Tissue  Tendons & ligaments  Subclasses: dense regular, dense irregular, elastic  Structure: mainly collagen fibers  Functions: Elastic Resist tension  Cells: fibroblasts  Locations: tendons (muscle-bone), ligaments (bone-bone), lower layers of skin 9

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11. www.soran.edu.iq Cartilage Subclasses: hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage Structure: flexible, no nerves or blood Functions: – Support – Compression Cells: chondroblasts, chondrocytes Locations: larynx, joints, tip of nose, ear, intervertebral discs, rib-breastbone, knee joint 11

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13. www.soran.edu.iq Bone Osseous tissue Subclasses: compact, spongy Structure: hard, calcified matrix; blood vessels Functions: – support & protect – Store calcium – Blood cell formation (marrow) Cells: osteoblasts, osteocytes Locations: bones 13

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15. www.soran.edu.iq Blood Vascular tissue Subclasses: blood cells, plasma Structure: fluid within blood vessels, no fibers Functions: – Transport vehicle (nutrients, wastes, gases, hormones) Cells: white blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), platelets Locations: blood vessels 15

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