AYUBOWAN WELCOME TO SRILANKA DR. VIPULA WICKRAMASINGHE DR. NIMALA SAMARADIWAKARA JICA TRAINEES 2009 JICA TRAINEES 2009

SRI LANKA IN BREIF 6 o -10 o North Latitude 80 o -82 o East longitude Maximum Length 432Km Maximum Breadth 224Km Land Area -excluding Inland Waters Land Area -excluding Inland Waters 65,525 Sq.km 62,336 Sq.Km Highest Water fall Bambarakanda 241 meters Highest Peak Highest Peak Pidurutalagala 2524 meters Longest River Mahaweli 335 k. meters The island of Sri Lanka lies in the Indian Ocean, to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea. It is separated from the Indian sub continent by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk StraitIndian OceanBay of BengalArabian SeaIndian sub continentGulf of MannarPalk Strait

HISTORY OF SRILANKA TWO THOUSAND YEARS OF RULE BY LOCAL KINGDOMS TWO THOUSAND YEARS OF RULE BY LOCAL KINGDOMS FROM 1505 – 1850 PARTS OF THE SRILANKA WERE COLONIZED BY THE PORTUGAL AND THE DUTCH FROM 1505 – 1850 PARTS OF THE SRILANKA WERE COLONIZED BY THE PORTUGAL AND THE DUTCH FROM 1815 – 1948 BRITISH CONTROLLED THE ENTIRE COUNTRY FROM 1815 – 1948 BRITISH CONTROLLED THE ENTIRE COUNTRY IN 1948 POLITICAL INDIPENDENCE WAS GRANTED BY THE BRITISH AFTER PEACEFUL NEGOTIATION IN 1948 POLITICAL INDIPENDENCE WAS GRANTED BY THE BRITISH AFTER PEACEFUL NEGOTIATION SRILANKA IS KNOWN AS CEYLON BEFORE 1972 SRILANKA IS KNOWN AS CEYLON BEFORE 1972 IN 1972 SRILANKA OBTAINED HER TOTAL SOVERNITY FROM THE BRITISH IN 1972 SRILANKA OBTAINED HER TOTAL SOVERNITY FROM THE BRITISH

ABOUT SRILANKANS POPULATION 21,128,773 AND THE DENSITY 319/km² POPULATION 21,128,773 AND THE DENSITY 319/km² SRILANKA IS A MULTI ETHNIC AND MULTI RELIGIOUS NATION SRILANKA IS A MULTI ETHNIC AND MULTI RELIGIOUS NATION SINHALA COMMUNITY FORMS THE MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION WITH THE TAMILS,MOORS, BURGHERS AND MALAYS SINHALA COMMUNITY FORMS THE MAJORITY OF THE POPULATION WITH THE TAMILS,MOORS, BURGHERS AND MALAYS 78% OF THE POPULATION FOLLOWING BUDDHISM AND REST FOLLOWS HINDUISM, CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM 78% OF THE POPULATION FOLLOWING BUDDHISM AND REST FOLLOWS HINDUISM, CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM LITERACY RATE OVER 96% LITERACY RATE OVER 96%

Ethnicity (%) Sinhala 74 Tamil 18 Moors 7 Others1 Religion (%) Buddhism 69 Hinduism 15 Christianity 8 Islam7

GOVERNANCE SRILANKA, OFFICIALY THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRILANKA HEADED BY THE EXCUTIVE PRESIDENT SRILANKA, OFFICIALY THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRILANKA HEADED BY THE EXCUTIVE PRESIDENT LEGISLATION, THE PARLIMENT COMPRISED OF 225 MEMBERS HEADED BY THE PRIME MINISTER LEGISLATION, THE PARLIMENT COMPRISED OF 225 MEMBERS HEADED BY THE PRIME MINISTER JUDICIARY HEADED BY THE CHIEF JUSTICE JUDICIARY HEADED BY THE CHIEF JUSTICE

SRILANKA IN BRIEF Languages Sinhala & Tamil (official) English (Intrenational) Life expectancy: Males 72, Females 76 Literacy ratio: over 96%

ECONOMY OF SRILANKA TOTAL GDP $ 84,992 billion AND PER CAPITA INCOME $ 4264 TOTAL GDP $ 84,992 billion AND PER CAPITA INCOME $ 4264 FAMOUS PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS ARE TEA, COFFEE, COCONUTS, RUBBER AND GEMS FAMOUS PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS ARE TEA, COFFEE, COCONUTS, RUBBER AND GEMS SRILANKA IS A WORLD FAMOUS TOURIST DESTINATION SRILANKA IS A WORLD FAMOUS TOURIST DESTINATION SRILANKANS ENJOY THE PRIVILAGE OF FREE HEALTH AND FREE EDUCATION SRILANKANS ENJOY THE PRIVILAGE OF FREE HEALTH AND FREE EDUCATION

OUR ORGANIZATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH CARE AND NUTRITION DEPT. OF HEALTH DEPT. OF NUTRITION DIRECTOR GENERAL OF HEALTH SERVICES DDG DDG DDG DDG DDG DDG DDG DDG DDG MEDICAL PUBLIC FINANCE NURSING DENTAL ADMIN PLANNING ETR INT.HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SERVICES DIRECTOR (CURATIVE) DIRECTOR (PREVENTION) ALL CONSULTANTS AND DENTAL SURGEONS IN - NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF SRILANKA IN - EPIDEMIOLOGY UNIT - PROVINCIAL GENERAL HOSPITALS - FAMILI HEALTH BUREAU - PROVINCIAL HOSPITALS - RDHS OFFICES - BASE HOSPITALS - MOH OFFICES - RURAL HOSPITALS - COMMUNITY DENTAL CLINICS - CENTRAL DISPENSERIES - ADOLESCENT DENTAL CLINICS - MATERNITY HOMES - SPECIALISED UNITS eg; CANCER INSTITUTE

TASKS To empower community for maintaining and promoting their health. To empower community for maintaining and promoting their health. To improve comprehensive health services delivery and health action. To improve comprehensive health services delivery and health action. To strengthen stewardship and management of functions. To strengthen stewardship and management of functions. To improve the management and human resources for health. To improve the management and human resources for health. To improve health finance, mobilization, allocation and utilization To improve health finance, mobilization, allocation and utilization

DISTRIBUTION OF DENTISTS IN SRILANKA Dentists in Governmental organizations Dentists in Governmental organizations Department of Health, Ministry of Health Department of Health, Ministry of Health Care and Nutrition Care and Nutrition Armed Forces - 60 Armed Forces - 60 University, Ministry of Higher Education University, Ministry of Higher Education Dentists in Private Organizations Dentists in Private Organizations TOTAL TOTAL Ratio /2000 = Ratio /2000 =

DENTISTS IN GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTANT ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS CONSULTANT ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGEONS CONSULTANT ORTHODONTISTS CONSULTANT ORTHODONTISTS CONSULTALT RESTORATIVE DENTISTS CONSULTALT RESTORATIVE DENTISTS CONSULTANT COMMUNITY DENTISTS CONSULTANT COMMUNITY DENTISTS DENTAL SURGEONS IN HOSPITALS AND COMMUNITY CLINICS DENTAL SURGEONS IN HOSPITALS AND COMMUNITY CLINICS

ARMED FORCES ARMY ARMY NAVY NAVY AIR FORCE AIR FORCE POLICE POLICE CONSULTANT DENTAL SURGEONS AND CONSULTANT DENTAL SURGEONS AND DENTAL SURGEONS DENTAL SURGEONS

UNIVERSITY- MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION FACULTY OF DENTAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF PERADENIYA FACULTY OF DENTAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF PERADENIYA - THE DEAN - THE DEAN - PROFESSORS - PROFESSORS - SENIOR LECTURERS - SENIOR LECTURERS - LECTURERS - LECTURERS - DEMOSTRATORS - DEMOSTRATORS

DENTISTS IN PRIVATE SECTOR DENTISTS IN DENTISTS IN - PRIVATE HEALTH CARE - PRIVATE HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS - FULL TIME PRIVATE PRACTICE - FULL TIME PRIVATE PRACTICE

DENTAL AUXILLARY SERVICES DENTAL THERAPIST TRAINING SCHOOL DENTAL THERAPIST TRAINING SCHOOL SCHOOL DENTAL CLINICS SCHOOL DENTAL CLINICS IN THROUGH OUT THE COUNTRY IN THROUGH OUT THE COUNTRY

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENTAL DIESEASES

6 YEARS DECIDOUS TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 76.42% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 76.42% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 73.11% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 73.11% Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 3.31 Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 3.31 d.m.f.t at the age of 6 years was 4.1 d.m.f.t at the age of 6 years was 4.1 Mean number of decayed teeth was 3.6 Mean number of decayed teeth was 3.6 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.22 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.22 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.29 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.29

6 YEARS PERMENENT TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 9.61% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 9.61% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 9.21% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 9.21% Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 0.41 Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 0.41 D.M.F.T at the age of 6 years was 0.17 D.M.F.T at the age of 6 years was 0.17 Mean number of decayed teeth was Mean number of decayed teeth was Mean number of missing teeth was Mean number of missing teeth was Mean number of filled teeth was Mean number of filled teeth was 0.005

12 YEARS PERMENENT TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 53.17% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 53.17% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 46.93% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 46.93% Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 6.24 Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 6.24 D.M.F.T at the age of 12 years was 1.44 D.M.F.T at the age of 12 years was 1.44 Mean number of decayed teeth was 1.16 Mean number of decayed teeth was 1.16 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.11 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.11 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.17 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.17

15 YEARS PERMENENT TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 69.71% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 69.71% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 65% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 65% Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 4.71 Percentage of children with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only 4.71 D.M.F.T at the age of 15 years was 2.58 D.M.F.T at the age of 15 years was 2.58 Mean number of decayed teeth was 2.11 Mean number of decayed teeth was 2.11 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.32 Mean number of missing teeth was 0.32 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.14 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.14

35-44 YEARS PERMENENT TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 91.16% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 91.16% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 79.63% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 79.63% Percentage of years with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only Percentage of years with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only D.M.F.T at the age of years was D.M.F.T at the age of years was Mean number of decayed teeth was 3.85 Mean number of decayed teeth was 3.85 Mean number of missing teeth was 5.83 Mean number of missing teeth was 5.83 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.4 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.4 Edentulousness at this age in Sri Lanka was 1.64% Edentulousness at this age in Sri Lanka was 1.64%

65-74 YEARS PERMENENT TEETH Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 64.45% Prevalence of caries in Sri Lanka was 64.45% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 46.49% Prevalence of active caries in Sri Lanka was 46.49% Percentage of years with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only Percentage of years with all carious teeth treated in Sri Lanka was only D.M.F.T at the age of years was D.M.F.T at the age of years was Mean number of decayed teeth was 2.07 Mean number of decayed teeth was 2.07 Mean number of missing teeth was Mean number of missing teeth was Mean number of filled teeth was 0.06 Mean number of filled teeth was 0.06 Edentulousness at this age in Sri Lanka was 36.93% Edentulousness at this age in Sri Lanka was 36.93%

6 YEARS Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 46.33% Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 46.33% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 21.78% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 21.78% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 68.2% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 68.2% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 21.8% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 21.8%

12 YEARS Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 29.67% Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 29.67% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 54.1% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 54.1% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 86.6% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 86.6% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 56.9% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 56.9%

15 YEARS Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 21.31% Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 21.31% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 52.56% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 52.56% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 67.3% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 67.3% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 66% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 66%

35-44 YEARS Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 5.13% Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 5.13% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 29.13% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 29.13% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 97.9% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 97.9% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 92.8% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 92.8% Complex treatment need is 20% Complex treatment need is 20%

65-74 YEARS Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 0.4% Prevalence of bleeding gingival at this age was 0.4% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 13.59% Prevalence of calculus at this age was 13.59% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 99.2% Need for oral hygiene instructions in Sri Lanka is 99.2% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 98.4% Treatment need, oral prophylaxis is needed 98.4% Complex treatment need is 38.9% Complex treatment need is 38.9%

NATION WIDE ORAL HEALTH SURVEYS REVEAL THAT THE PREVALENCE OF THE MAIN DENTAL DISEASES ARE ON THE DECLINING PHASE, HOWEVER UNTREATED NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS ARE NOT ON PROPOTIONALLY LOW AS MUCH * ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL ORAL HEALTH SURVEY 2004

USADENMARKJAPANSRILANKA EDENTULUSN ESS 26%--36% HEALTHY GUMS -2-4%-2.1% LOSS OF ATTACHMENT +4mm-82.1%97%98.4% * Age between years COMPARISON OF PERIODONTAL DISESASE STATUS

MAJOR ISSUES TO BE ADDERSSED PARENTAL EDUCATION TO PREVENT DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN SPECIALLY AGES BETWEEN 2-5 YEARS PARENTAL EDUCATION TO PREVENT DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN SPECIALLY AGES BETWEEN 2-5 YEARS TO IMPROVE BEHAVIOURAL SKILLS IN YOUNG ADULTS IN RELATION TO GUM HEALTH TO IMPROVE BEHAVIOURAL SKILLS IN YOUNG ADULTS IN RELATION TO GUM HEALTH TO IMPROVE ORAL HEALTH AND HYGINE OF PREGNANT MOTHERS TO IMPROVE ORAL HEALTH AND HYGINE OF PREGNANT MOTHERS TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE IN ADULTS IN ORAL CANCERS TO IMPROVE KNOWLEDGE IN ADULTS IN ORAL CANCERS

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