Cleo Lacey, Savannah Spirov, Mara Maus P.2 Oral Hygiene: Teeth Cleo Lacey, Savannah Spirov, Mara Maus P.2

Key Vocabulary cementum - a layer of tough, yellowish, bone-like tissue that covers the root of a tooth. It helps hold the tooth in the socket. The cementum contains the periodontal membrane. crown - the visible part of a tooth. dentin - the hard but porous tissue located under both the enamel and cementum of the tooth. Dentin is harder than bone. nerves - nerves transmit signals (conveying messages like hot, cold, or pain) to and from the brain.

Key Vocabulary enamel - the tough, shiny, white outer surface of the tooth. gums - the soft tissue that surrounds the base of the teeth. pulp - the soft center of the tooth. The pulp contains blood vessels and nerves; it nourishes the dentin. root - the anchor of a tooth that extends into the jawbone. The number of roots ranges from one to four.

Importance of Teeth Allow you to bite and chew food The first step in the digestive system begins with your mouth!

Types of Teeth Incisors: The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws. (8) Canines: The pointy teeth just outside the incisors. (4) Premolars: Teeth between the canines and molars. (8) Molars: Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food. (8) Wisdom teeth: erupt at age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth. (4) total = 32

Major Organs Teeth are found in the jaw Organs include; Nerves- Thin bands that carry messages to and from your brain Enamel- A porous,substance made from calcium phosphate. First layer of teeth Pulp- Found in the center of a tooth made up of living connective tissue and cells

Major Organs cont. Dentine-A dense, bony tissue forming the bulk of a tooth beneath the enamel. Gum Tissue- The firm connective tissue that surrounds the base of the tooth Bone- Hard, calcified tissue forming our skeletal system Pulp Cavity- Place in the tooth where dental pulp is found

Fun Fact! No two people have the same set of teeth—your teeth are as unique as your fingerprint source-http://www.123dentist.com/10-fun-facts-about-teeth/

Risks Gingivitis- Inflammation of the the tooth, gum and tissues areas of the jaw, is most commonly caused by buildup of plaque on the teeth Tooth decay- An infection caused by bacteria that destroys tooth enamel, dentin and cementum, most commonly caused by poor hygiene and acidic food Halitosis- Caused by odor-producing bacteria that grow in the mouth, and creates bad breath. can be prevented by frequent brushing

Injuries Cavities- Caused by wearing of the enamel from hard objects or acidity. Penetrates the dentin and destroy the inside of the tooth Fractures/Chips- Caused by hard impact to the tooth, breaks the enamel exposing the pulp and the dentin.

Drugs and Alcohol Alcohol- It can dry your mouth leaving you more susceptible to cavities. Some alcoholic beverages are highly acidic which wears down enamel. Drugs- Highly corrosive material, such as meth or cocaine wear down the tooth enamel leaving your teeth rotted. The after-effects of drugs (cravings of food, candy) also erodes your enamel.

Healthy Teeth How to Keep Teeth Healthy: If Teeth Are Unhealthy: brush teeth removes plaque/tarter prevents cavities prevents gum disease floss teeth very important element removes substance stuck in teeth once per day If Teeth Are Unhealthy: cavities gingivitis bad breath gum disease Can a person survive without teeth? Why? -Yes. A person can survive without teeth but the life of the person is impacted because of the diet change. Liquid’s and soft foods are the best to eat, but it still limits other foods and nutrients the body needs to consume.

How Oral Hygiene Interacts With Other Body Systems Lack of hygiene allows bacteria to produce. It can enter bloodstream, causing certain conditions such as… heart disease inflamed/bleeding gums causes bacteria to the mouth which enters bloodstreams leading to the heart (cardiovascular system) strokes people with higher blood levels causes bacteria in the mouth are more likely to have atherosclerosis in the carotid artery which is in the neck. This could clog the carotid arteries which may lead to a stroke (nervous system) diabetes brushing/flossing everyday removes decay-causing plaque, so high glucose levels in saliva could go down and kill bacteria (immune system)

Quiz Which of the following options is not apart of the system of the tooth? A) Enamel B) Pulp C) Fluoride D) Dentine E) Pulp Cavity

Quiz Which of the following is an example of unhealthy teeth? A) B) C) D)

Quiz How many teeth does the average adult have? A) 28 B) 32 C) 30