National FFA Convention Livestock Coaches Clinic Swine Segment Tammy Miller Joliet Junior College October 25, 2012

Swine Segment Overview Recent trends in the swine industry Trend application to livestock judging Use of swine terminology in reasons Use of swine performance data in placings and in reasons

1986 Illinois State Fair Open Show Champion Barrow

Recent Trends in the Swine Industry Early/mid 1990s – 2004 emphasis on: – Larger framed – Leaner designed – Higher percent lean $3, National Barrow Show Champion Spot Boar 2002 Fall Classic Reserve Champion Spot Boar

Freakish?? Prodigy Former $100,000 Sire Lean Value Sires New Carlisle, Ohio

Trends in the Swine Industry Consequences of the push for lean: – sacrificed production traits especially growth and meat quality – structural correctness problems developed 2004 Fall Classic Reserve Champion Spot Boar

Trends in the Swine Industry Late 2004 selection focus switched to: – Wider designed – Stouter boned – Bigger ribbed – Overall more productive animals 2004 Fall Classic Champion Spot Boar

Trends in the Swine Industry $11,000 Champion Boar 2007 World Pork Expo 2007 National Barrow Show Hog College Spot Boar 2007 Champions Body, Body, Body!

Trends in the Swine Industry How far is too far?? 2007 National Barrow Show Hog College Duroc and Hampshire Boars and Yorkshire Gilt

Trends in the Swine Industry Consequences of the push for body: – Too high of condition level – fat is not body – Sacrificing percent lean – Compromising some breeding traits When is the end of this trend and what is next??

Trend Leveling Out Putting the look back in?? Born Ready 2009 World Pork Expo $87,000 Champion Crossbred Boar On stud at Real McCoy Genetics

2010 – Still Body & Bone 2010 Indiana State Fair $60,000 Reserve Champion Senior Crossbred Boar Shown by Ottenwalter Showpigs

2011 – Mass & Flesh CDO0 Mighty One 76-2 Owned by Olsen Yorkshires

2012 – Still Body, Body, Body

2012 Indiana State Fair Crossbred Classic $75,000 Champion Boar

Trend Application to Livestock Judging Currently still a higher priority on width, mass, body and soundness However - do not single trait select!! Complete animals still win Focus on incorporating trends more into reasons sets than in the actual placing

Sound Like a Hog Kid - Incorporating Trend Terms in Reasons Wider/narrower chested More/less curvature of rib More/less center body Stouter/frailer boned More/less productive appearing Sounder moving/more restricted in movement Bigger/smaller footed

Sound Like a Hog Kid Regardless of the Trend Market Animals – At least one appropriate carcass term - percent lean, value based marketing system, backfat, loin eye area – Not quarter, rib eye, quality grade, etc. Breeding Females – Structure, underline, femininity – Not ham, muscularity, percent lean, etc. Be specific!!

Swine Performance Data Actual data vs EPDs Understanding indices – MLI – NBA, 21 day wt, days, backfat – TSI – backfat, days, pounds of lean, feed/pound of gain – S.html – minology.pdf Importance of the Scenario

2011 National FFA Livestock CDE Performance Yorkshire Gilts Animal Number BFDaysPounds of Lean NBALWTTSISPI Breed Average Scenario: Rank the gilts as they would be used in a purebred York total confinement operation. The breeder focuses on fast growing, sound gilts to make competitive hogs in the show ring and good mothers in the crate. This operation markets breeding stock to other purebred breeders and commercial producers. The offspring that are not structurally sound enough, or of breeding stock quality, are fed to 285 pounds and marketed on a lean grid.

Swine Performance Data Importance of the Scenario 2006 National FFA Keep/Cull York Gilts Purebred Yorkshire operation that markets showpigs and breeding stock. Remaining hogs are fed to 280 pounds and marketed on a lean grid. Raised on confinement and slats. Priority on phenotype – especially soundness Utilize MLI and Days EPDs on paper

Keep/Cull York X Gilts Gilts to be bred to Landrace boars for the production of replacement females. The gilt progeny sold to confinement facility and bred to terminal boars for the production of market hogs. Priority on paper – Maternal Line Index Phenotype – use to decide close pair and confirm soundness Swine Performance Data

Incorporating Data into Reasons Talk data where you used data Talk only the data categories relevant to the scenario Talk actual vs EPDs appropriately Sound like a hog kid – Littermates – Dam SPI

National FFA Convention Livestock Coaches Clinic Swine Segment Tammy Miller Joliet Junior College October 25, 2012