Rocks

Answer these questions orally What is a rock? What are the three major types of rocks? How are these rocks formed? How do igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks differ? What is the rock cycle?

A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals. Quartz Mica Olivine

Rock Cycle

Processes in the rock cycle Weathering happens when water, wind, ice, and heat break down rock into smaller fragments. There are two types of weathering: physical and chemical. Erosion happens when water, wind, ice, or gravity move sediment over the Earth’s surface. Deposition when sediments stop moving. Uplift when rocks are sent to the Earth’s surface. Heat and Pressure can change the minerals in the rocks.

Types of Rocks Rocks are classified based on how they are formed. Igneous rock forms when melted rock cools and hardens. Sedimentary rock is made of pieces of other rock (sediment ). Metamorphic rock forms when heat and pressure change the chemical composition of a rock.

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TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION The combination of elements or compounds that make up a rock is the rock’s composition. The sizes, shapes, and positions of the grains that make up a rock are the rock’s texture.

Use your knowledge of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks to answer the following questions: Basalt is slowly broken up into tiny pieces and carried away by a river. The pieces of basalt are deposited many kilometers downstream, where they become part of a conglomerate. What type of rock are the basalt pieces part of now? Explain your answer. Can an igneous rock be changed directly into a metamorphic rock? Why or why not? Can sedimentary rock become igneous rock? Why or why not? What other kinds of rock can sedimentary rock become? How is this done? Can a sedimentary rock be made from metamorphic rocks? Why or why not? Can igneous rocks form directly from any other rocks? Why or why not? Describe the processes involved in the rock cycle (in your own words).

Homework TAI1: Answer questions from the text pages (Review) on a separate piece of paper.