Concentration Dilution Solubility Solutions Concentration Dilution Solubility

Solution Type of homogeneous mixture Cannot differentiate between solute and solvent Solute: substance that dissolves in another Solvent: substance capable of dissolving a solute

Solutions Outside of Body Examples of Solutions Solutions Outside of Body Solute (s) Solvent Solutions Inside the Body

Concentration Quantity of solute (mass) dissolved in a certain quantity of solvent (volume) Symbol = C Equation Concentration = mass / volume C = m/V Units = grams per litre (g/L)

Sample Concentration Problem A 355 mL can of Sprite has 40 g of sugar in it. What is the concentration of sugar in that soda?

+ water = Juice Dilution Method used to decrease the concentration of solute in a solution by adding solvent. Concentrate + water = Juice (diluted concentrate)

Dilution Equation Since mass of solute remains the same: C V = C V Where: C  initial concentration (g/L) V  initial volume (L) C  final concentration (g/L) V  final volume (L) 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2

Sample Dilution Problem You are preparing lemonade. The concentration of sugar is 50 g/L. You taste it and realize this is way too sweet. You decide to add 750 mL of water. What is the new concentration of sugar in your lemonade?

Solubility Maximum concentration Characteristic property Examples: Chlorine in water = 7.3 g/L Oxygen in water = 0.04 g/L Glucose in water = 1000 g/L

Types of solutions Unsaturated – can still add solute to solvent Saturated – max amount of solute contained in solvent Supersaturated – because temperature is , more solute than usual contained in solvent