Acquiring New Lands

Ruling Puerto Rico Luis Muñoz Rivera Puerto Rican statesman and publisher From 1900 to 1916 he lived primarily in the U.S working to gain independence for Puerto Rico Served as a vocal advocate of Puerto Rican selfrule. Was invited by Congress to speak before the House of Representatives to discuss the future of Puerto Rico on May 5, 1916

Ruling Puerto Rico (cont’d) Not all Puerto Ricans wanted to be independent. Some of the citizens wanted to statehood while others wanted a measure of local self government as American territory. Because of this the U.S gave Puerto Ricans no promises regarding independence after the Spanish American War.

Military Rule and Return to Civil Government During The Spanish American War, United States forces were under General Nelson A. Miles and occupied Puerto Rico. The general stated that the armed forces were there to protect the people along with their property and prosperity. Puerto Rico was strategically important to the U.S. The U.S had a presence in the Caribbean and the future canal they wanted to build across Isthmus of Panama was protected. The Foraker Act was passed by Congress in 1900 and set up a civil government. This let the president appoint the Governor and the members of the Upper house. In 1917 Congress held back extending them U.S citizenship. This let them elect both houses of their legislature.

Cuba and The U.S The U.S acknowledged Cuba’s independence from Spain. The Teller Amendment was passed and stated that the United states had no intention of taking over any part of Cuba. The Treaty of Paris further guaranteed their independence.

Platt amendment The new constitution that the Cuban government didn’t explain and specify they relationship between Cuba and the U.S. In 1901 the U.S came up with a set of provisions that they insisted be added. The Platt Amendment stated that: * Cuba could not make treaties that might limit its independence or permit a foreign power to control any part of its territory. * The U.S reserved the right to intervene in Cuba * Cuba was not to go in to debt * The U.S could buy or lease land on the island fro naval stations and refueling stations.

Reaction to the platt amendment The U.S expressed they weren’t going to take away their army from Cuba until the Platt Amendment was adopted. There was a lot of protest. They saw this as an American insult. It was eventually ratified and became part of the treaty in 1903 and remained it affect for 31 years. Cuba became a U.S protectorate, a country whose affairs are controlled by a stronger power.

Impact of Historical gains •McKinley was reelected for a second term implying that America favored him and his policies (Against Williams kenning Bryant) • Before McKinley was elected for president and anti-imperialist league was being created during the process. This group was composed of some writers, businessmen and past presidents. ( Jane Adams, Andrew carnage, Grover Cleveland) with contradicting ideas •Mark twain, had a huge influence on America with his writing.

Filipinos rebel •After the spares American war, that Filipino rebels led by Emelio Aguinaldo, the treaty of Paris came along which represented the revolution war ending and Americans independence recognized. •The United States forced Filipinos to live in segregated areas with Poor sanitation, poor food access and sickness. •Many filipinos were African-American. •Filipinos became independent on July 4, 1946 due to a liking of a lower house. •United States imperialist saw Filipinos as a gateway to Asia.

Foreign influences on china Most European countries had settlements along China. (Russia, Germany) •John Hay created a system called the Open Door Notes. It provided letters that addressed liters of imperialist nations which proposed that the nation should trade with the United States. (No monopolies) •Europeans dominated most of China's largest cities. •Secret societies were created, "The boxers", Killed hundreds of people and were put down by international forces due to the Boxer Rebellion. •After the rebellion John Hay created his system for a second time which provided safeguard for the world of principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese empire. (Influenced Asia) This helped the growth in economy markets open and kept people aware to avoid closing of survival for needs