Digestive Disorders Stomach Disorders

Stomach Cancer May develop in any part of the stomach and spread to other organs Causes nearly 1 million deaths world-wide It is associated with diets high in sodium and low in fruits and vegetables Also associate more often with smokers

Over 80% of gastric cancers are linked to the bacteria Helicobacter pylori This bacteria is also associated with other digestive disorders

H. Pylori ©http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._pylori

Symptoms Discomfort in the stomach area Feeling full or bloated after a small meal Nausea and vomiting Weight loss

©http://www.medicinenet.com/stomach_cancer/article.htm

Diagnosis Upper GI: patient drinks a barium solution that appears white on x-rays Allows the stomach to be seen much easier Endoscopy: a lighted tube is sent down the digestive tract so the physician can see Biopsy

Stomach Cancer ©http://www. brown

Dyspepsia Pain in the upper or middle section of the stomach Approximately 1 in 4 people develop dyspepsia at some point Usually caused by a stomach ulcer or acid reflux Usually treated with lifestyle changes and medication

Acute Gastritis A group of conditions characterized by an inflammation of the stomach lining The stomach usually secretes a protective layer of mucus, however, it may become weakened

Usually caused by a bacteria (H. pylori) Traumatic injury or overuse of certain pain relievers (Advil, Motrin) may also contribute to the condition

Chronic Gastritis Slower, progressive process in which the lining of the stomach is damaged

The stomach epithelium is columnar When chronic gastritis occurs, the healthy cells are damaged

Chronic Gastritis Healthy cells that line the stomach consist of 3 types: Parietal cells: secrete stomach acid (HCl), aid in B12 absorption Chief cells: secrete pepsin (enzyme that aids in food digestion) Mucus cells: secretes mucus which aids in the protection of the stomach lining

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Mucus Cells ©http://www.bweems.com/cch7hp.jpg

Parietal cells and chief cells degenerate and are replaced by less specialized mucus cells (goblet cells) Inflammation occurs and there is a large number of white blood cells that appear

These damaged cells result in deformed cells causing the stomach lining to look like the lining of the intestine This is called intestine metaplasia

Chronic Gastritis with Intestinal Metaplasia ©http://images. google

Intestinal Metaplasia with Presence of Goblet Cells ©http://esynopsis