2. Understand the functions of the digestive system 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system2

3. Functions of the digestive system Mouth (buccal cavity)  What digestive system functions occur in the mouth? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system3

4. Functions of the digestive system Tongue What is the digestive system function of the tongue? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system4

5. Functions of the digestive system Teeth  Define mastication.  How is the tooth’s shape related to its function? Incisors Cuspids Bicuspids Molars 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system5

6. Functions of the digestive system Salivary glands  What is the function of the salivary glands?  What chemical action takes place in the mouth as a result? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system6

7. Functions of the digestive system What are the functions of these oral cavity structures? Palate Uvula 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system7

8. Functions of the digestive system Pharynx  What does the pharynx do? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system8

9. Functions of the digestive system Esophagus  What does the esophagus do?  What is its relevance to your health? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system9

10. Functions of the digestive system Stomach  What are the functions of the stomach?  What chemicals are released there?  How long does it take for the stomach to empty? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system10

11. Functions of the digestive system Gastric juices  Enteroendocrine glands – gastrin  Parietal cells – HCL and intrinsic factor  Chief type cells – pepsinogen  Mucus cells – alkaline mucus  Rennin 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system11

12. Functions of the digestive system Small Intestine  What digestive process occurs here?  What are villi?  What is the relevance to your health? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system12

13. Functions of the digestive system Pancreas  What digestive enzymes are secreted by the pancreas?  What is there function? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system13

14. Functions of the digestive system Liver  What are the functions of the liver? What is the function of bile glycogen?  What vitamin is produced by the liver? Why is it important? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system14

15. Functions of the digestive system Gallbladder  What is the function of the gallbladder?  Why is this function important? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system15

16. Functions of the digestive system Large intestine  What are the functions of the large intestines?  What is its relevance to health?  What type of diet promotes colon health? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system16

17. Understand the functions of the digestive system Discus the processes of digestion and their relevance to health.  Chemical  Physical  Absorption  Elimination 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system17

18. Functions of the digestive system Fecal transplant  Allows the bacteria from the healthy stool to repopulate the gut of the patient who has lost healthy bacteria in their gut 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 18  Used to treat Clostridium difficile that grows in human intestines Symptoms range from persistent diarrhea to life- threatening inflammation of the colon to death

19. Functions of the digestive system What can healthcare professionals learn from observing stool specimens? On average, how much flatus does a person produce per day? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 19

20. Functions of the digestive system 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system20

21. Disorders of the digestive system Anorexia  Decreased or poor appetite  Symptom Anorexia nervosa  Eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat  Psychiatric disorder 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system21

22. Disorders of the digestive system Caries  What is another name for caries?  What are caries? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system22

23. Disorders of the digestive system Cholecystitis  What is cholecystitis?  What are the symptoms?  How is it treated?  Cholelithiasis 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system23

24. Disorders of the digestive system Cleft palate  What is cleft palate?  What is its impact on health?  Who have this condition? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system24

25. Disorders of the digestive system Cirrhosis  What is cirrhosis?  What are the symptoms? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system25

26. Disorders of the digestive system Constipation  What is constipation?  What are some causes?  What is obstipation? Lack of feces due to obstruction. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system26

27. Disorders of the digestive disorders Diarrhea  Define diarrhea.  What causes it?  What are the effects on your health? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system27

28. Disorders of the digestive disorders Gastroenteritis What is gastroenteritis? What causes it? What healthcare professional would you see for treatment? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 28

29. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) A disorder affecting Cardiac sphincter so that it becomes weak or relaxes in- appropriately allowing stomach contents to backflow into esophagus. Sxs include: heartburn, chest pain. Tx-up 3hrs after meals, medications ie..antacids 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system29

30. Disorders of the digestive system Hepatitis  Acute  Chronic  Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E  What are some common symptoms of hepatitis ? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system30

31. Irritable bowel syndrome  Define irritable bowel syndrome. P396  Discuss how will treatments relate to: Lifestyle Diet Medication http://www.mayoclinic.org/dise ases-conditions/irritable-bowel- syndrome/multimedia/irritable- bowel-syndrome/vid-20084703 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system31

32. Disorders of the digestive system Peptic ulcer  What is a peptic ulcer? PP395-396  What causes it?  How is it treated? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system32

33. Autoimmune Diseases of GI Tract Ulcerative colitis (UL-sur-uh-tiv koe-LIE-tis) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long- lasting inflammation and ulcers (sores) in your digestive tract, usually at the colon and rectum. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 33 Chrohn’s Disease: Can occur anywhere in GI tract, and has periods of remission and exacerbations Both cause chronic diarrhea, may require surgery

34. Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system Healthy dietary habits help maintain homeostasis of body systems 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system34

35. Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system Vitamins /Text p 414  Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K  Water soluble Vitamins C, B **Look up functions of Vitamin C___________ _________ Electrolytes  Calcium –bone/teeth  Aids in blood clotting  Chloride  Magnesium  Phosphorus  Potassium  Sodium 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 35

36. Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system Vitamins  Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K  Water soluble Vitamins C, B Electrolytes  Calcium  Chloride  Magnesium  Phosphorus  Potassium  Sodium 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 36