Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles 15 395-01.ppt Roadmap for Cathode Materials for Electric Vehicles Guten Morgen meine Damen und Herren, ich hoffe, Sie hatten heute morgen eine angenehme Anreise, denn dies ist indirekt unser Thema heute: Egal, ob mit Taxi, Bahn oder eigenem Auto, Mobilität ist eine Selbstverständlichkeit und ein wesentlicher Aspekt unseres Lebensstandards. 2011 ist das Jahr des Autos: 125 Jahre Daimler, 125 Jahre Bosch. Den Pionieren der Automobilgeschichte ist es zu verdanken, dass gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Netwerke sehr viel effizienter geworden sind und wir uns ein Leben ohne Autos, ohne Reisen überhaupt nicht mehr vorstellen können. Aber: 2011 ist auch das Internationale Jahr der Chemie. Die Chemie hat in den letzten 100 Jahren viele Innovationen hervorgebracht mit denen moderne Mobilität überhaupt erst möglich wird. Und ohne Chemie ist auch die Mobilität der Zukunft nicht denkbar. Wie wir uns diese Mobilität als einen wesentlichen Antrieb unseres täglichen Lebens und unserer Wirtschaftsentwicklung erhalten und wie wir neue Antriebstechnologien entwickeln, darum soll es in unserer heutigen Veranstaltung gehen, zu der ich Sie herzlich begrüße. Was erwartet Sie bei unserem Pressegespräch? Wir werden Ihnen die Beiträge der Chemie zur Elektromobilität vorstellen und zeigen, warum die Chemie ein Enabler für die Entwicklung nachhaltiger Automobillösungen ist Erst kurzer Überblick über unsere Aktivitäten im Bereich Elektromobilität Danach Laborführungen Und beim abschließenden Mittagessen besteht die Möglichkeit, die Themen intensiver zu diskutieren. Experten aus den Labors werden dabei sein. Doch warum beschäftigen wir uns überhaupt mit dem Thema „Elektromobilität? Warum ist uns das Thema so wichtig? Joe DiCarlo August 2012

4 | Next Generation Cathodes 15 395-01.ppt 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 2

BASF Headquarter in Ludwigshafen, Germany 02-03-2011

BASF – The Chemical Company The World’s Leading Chemical Company 15 395-01.ppt BASF – The Chemical Company The World’s Leading Chemical Company We create Chemistry for a sustainable future We combine economical success with social responsibility and the protection of the environment Sales 2011: m€ 73,497 EBIT 2011: m€ 8,586 Employees (December 31, 2011): 111,000 About 1,100 new patents filed in 2011 6 Verbund sites and about 390 production sites About BASF BASF is the world’s leading chemical company: The Chemical Company. Around 109,000 employees of the BASF Group work to make customers from nearly all sectors and almost every country in the world become more successful. Our portfolio ranges from oil and gas to chemicals, plastics and specialties such as crop protection products. With its high-value products and intelligent solutions, BASF plays an important role in finding answers to global challenges such as climate protection, energy efficiency, nutrition and mobility. BASF posted sales of more than €60 billion in 2010. BASF shares are traded on the stock exchanges in Frankfurt (BAS), London (BFA) and Zurich (AN). BASF has subsidiaries in more than eighty countries and supplies products to a large number of business partners in nearly every part of the world. We operate 6 Verbund sites and approximately 390 other production sites worldwide. Our Verbund site in Ludwigshafen is the largest integrated chemical complex in the world that belongs to a single company. In 2010, BASF filed around 1,100 patents worldwide. The Patent Asset Index™ developed at the Otto Beisheim School of Management (WHU) near Koblenz, Germany, enabled us to compare our patent portfolio with those of other companies across the industry in 2009 for the first time. As in the previous year, we took first place in this ranking in 2010. This makes us one of the most innovative companies in the global chemical industry. INTERNET: basf.com 4 4

BASF and the Automotive Industry ca 10 – 15 % of total BASF Sales 02-03-2011

Chemistry as Enabler of Electromobility 15 395-01.ppt Chemistry as Enabler of Electromobility Smart Forvision in Cooperation with BASF Technologies for the Car of Tomorrow 1 1 Electrical energy efficiency Solar roof with transparent organic solar cells Transparent organic OLEDs 2 2 2 Temperature management IR-reflecting films/pigments High performance foams for insulation Although its real world premiere already took place yesterday, I would like to again express that we are very proud of this visionary and holistic approach to e-mobility: the smart forvision. Thanks to a close cooperation between Daimler engineers, designers and BASF’s R&D teams, we have managed to build a car which is far more than just a design study. It is a demonstration of energy efficient solutions powered by chemistry integrated in one car. BASF innovations operate under three main technology ‘pillars’ - lightweight, energy efficiency and heat management: (=> see Chart) There are 5 world premieres from BASF included in the car: Solar roof with transparent organic solar cells Transparent organic OLEDs for interior illumination IR-reflecting films for glazing High performance foams for insulation Thermoplastic polyamide wheel But - BASF has even more solutions for e-cars and electromobility: the battery as key component of the electric vehicle. Here we have significantly increased our efforts and investments over the last years. 3 3 Multifunctional lightweight construction Lightweight ergonomically designed seats Thermoplastic polyamide wheel Go online at www.smartforvision.basf.com

2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 15 395-01.ppt 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 7

Li-Intercalation Anode 15 395-01.ppt Li-Batteries for Automotive Applications Overview: Lithium Ion Battery Material Solutions by BASF Battery Cell Chemistry: Decrease cost Increase range Increase lifetime Li-Intercalation Anode Binder Electrolyte Cathode BASF products BASF R&D

BASF is a Material Supplier for LiBs Raw Materials Materials Cells Pack OEM BASF Customer/Partner The battery determines characteristics of an electric vehicle Range, costs, safety,… The battery allows for differentiation and value creation Challenging technology and chance for chemistry / engineering / OEMs Materials are the heart of the battery cell Chemistry plays a central role as material supplier

BASF Battery Unit: Investments and Acquisitions by BASF 15 395-01.ppt BASF Battery Unit: Investments and Acquisitions by BASF Strategy: Strengthen Organic Growth of BASF Battery Materials Li-Ion NiMHx POST-Li-ION ELECTROLYTES CATHODES Ovonic Battery Company: Acquisition (2.2012) Merck Elektrolyte: Acquisition of Elektrolyte Activities of Merck (2.2012) Novolyte: Acquisition of Business (4.2012) LFP License: Licensing agreement to acquire LFP technology from LiFePO4+C (4.2012) Sion Power: Investment of 50mio USD (1.2012)

3 | Cathode Portfolio 1 | Introduction BASF 15 395-01.ppt 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 11

Today NCM (xyz): LFP: LiFePO4 BASF Cathode – Portfolio For Today, Tomorrow and … the Future: Today Co (LCO) NCM (xyz): Example: Li1+x(Ni0.33Co0.33Mn0.33)1-xO2 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.8 LFP: LiFePO4 0.4 0.6 Co Mn + known materials, demonstrated technology - Low energy content Classic high stability region 0.6 0.4 NCM-111 High capacity – low safety region Tomorrow HE-NCM: NCM-433 HE-NCMs NCM-424 0.8 NCM-523 LNCO 0.2 HV-Spinel: NCM-622 NCM-415 NCM-514 NCM-811 + Higher energy content - Development stage NCM-929 1.0 Lower cost region 0.0 0.0 0.2 HV spinel 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Ni Mn (LMO) Ni (LNO) Future Phase Diagram Li-S Li-Air BASF has licensed broad cathode patent portfolio from Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) covering NCMs BASF licensed global rights for the production and sale of LFP from LiFePO4+C Licensing AG, Switzerland + Higher energy content - (Pre) R&D stage 02-03-2011

4 | Next Generation Cathodes 15 395-01.ppt Picture: Journal of Materials Chemistry, Vol 17, Thackeray et al. 1 | Introduction BASF 2 | BASF’s Battery Material Activities 3 | Cathode Portfolio 4 | Next Generation Cathodes 5 | Summary 13

1: HE-NCMs “High Energy” NCMs: Capacity increase at slightly lower av. Voltage Discharge profiles BASF HE-NCM vs. NCM-111 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Capacity [Ah/kg] HE-NCM NCM-111 Voltage [V] E = Q × U High Voltage Region Standard Voltage Region

Improvements High Energy HE-NCM Improvement of BASF HE-NCMs (last 5 Quarters): Capacity at 1C [mAh/g] Irreversible Capacity [%] Tap density [g/ml] All Materials scaled to pilot plant scale at 100kg

Morphology BASF HE-NCM Materials 15 395-01.ppt Morphology BASF HE-NCM Materials Control of particle size and Improved Particle Morphology: D50 = 16 µm 1500 : 1 20µm D50 = 11 µm 20µm 1500 : 1

BASF’s HE-NCM Rate Capability Improved Capacity vs. C-Rate capability: 50 100 150 200 250 300 0,1 1 10 C-Rate Capacity [mAh/g] 2C 4C Half-cell / Li-anode

BASF HEDTM HE-NCMs HE-NCM NCM-523 Cycling Stability of HE-NCM (Graphite Anode) vs. normal voltage NCMs 50 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 HE-NCM Specific capacity [Ah/kg] NCM-523 25°C - 0.5 C Cycle No.

2: HV-Spinel “High Voltage” Spinel: Voltage increase at slightly lower Capacity Discharge profiles BASF HV spinel vs. NCM-111 and LFP 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Capacity [Ah/kg] Voltage [V] 50 100 150 NCM-111 HV spinel E = Q × U LFP High Voltage Region

15 395-01.ppt BASF HEDTM HV-spinel Cycling Stability of HV Spinel (Pouch Cell vs Graphite) Cycle No. 25°C, 1.0 C 4.25V – 4.80V Specific capacity [Ah/kg] Standard cell chemistry Cell chemistry 2 (“modification”) Cell chemistry 1 (“additives in electrolyte”)

Comparison of Cathodes Material Energy Density of different Cathode Materials: Specific capacity [Ah/kg] Av. voltage vs. Li/Li+ [V] Specific Energy Density [Wh/kg] NCM-111 155 3.85 597 NCM-523 165 635 HE-NCM 270 3.65 986 HV Spinel 140 4.65 651 LMO Spinel 125 3.95 494 LFP 160 3.45 552 HE-NCM, HV-Spinel cathode material can deliver up to 65 % more specific energy density vs. NCM-111 How much of it can be realized on the cell level ?

Energy Density on the Layer Level Energy Density on Layer Level: repeating units of Anode, Cathode Current Collectors, Electrolyte anode Cu anode separator cathode Al cathode separator anode Cu Thickness [µm] Porosity Layer density [g/cm3] % active material Aluminum foil 18 0% 2.7 Cathode 200 30% Dependent on cathode material 92% Separator 20 50% 0.7 Anode Balanced on cathode 25% Dependent on anode material Copper foil 12 8.9 Parameters The pores are filled with electrolyte of density 1.3 g/cm3. The anode thickness is calculated, so that the following balancing equation is fulfilled: 1st cycle charge capacity per cm2 of cathode = capacity per cm2 of anode 1st cycle charge capacity = specific capacity / (100% – irrev. Capacity) Irreversible capacity on the anode (SEI formation) and anode over-sizing is neglected in the model. Layer level

Comparison Cathodes on the Layer Level Gravimetric and Volumetric Energy Density on the Layer Level: Grav. Energy Density [Wh/kg] Comparison to NCM-111 Vol. Energy Density [Wh/l] NCM-111 293 (Reference) 0% 804 NCM-523 306 +4% 833 HE-NCM 379 +29% 949 +18% HV Spinel 320 +9% 881 +10% LMO Spinel 257 -12% 709 LFP 259 641 -20% HE-NCM and HV-Spinel cathode materials provide significant energy density advantage on the cell level

Metal Costs Comparison NCM vs. HE-NCM / Spinel Pure metal value fluctuations in 10y period in 1 kg of NCM-111, HE-NCM and Spinel Average Metals costs over the last 10 year (USD/kg) Lithium utilization (%) NCM-111 5-28 56% HE-NCM 2-11 80% HV-Spinel 99% Next generation cathode materials with marked improvements in costs and energy content. 02-03-2011

Summary: BASF is a committed supplier of materials for Lithium-Ion-Batteries Cathode Materials (NCMs, LFP), Electrolytes and Technical Polymers are commercial products of BASF Next Generation Materials such as HE-NCM and HV-spinel offer significant advantage of energy density BASF develops these novel cathode materials tailor-made for high-energy applications BASF will improve performance of today’s Lithium Ion Batteries with an optimized combination of materials like HE-NCM and tailor-made electrolytes