Chapter 10 Vocabulary Bonding and Chemical Compounds

Valence Electron The electrons that are located in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical bonding.

A representation of the valence electrons in an atom. Electron Dot Diagram A representation of the valence electrons in an atom.

The force of attraction that holds two atoms together. Chemical Bond The force of attraction that holds two atoms together.

An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged. Ion An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged.

The attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic Bond The attraction between oppositely charged ions.

A compound that consists of positive and negative ions. Ionic Compound A compound that consists of positive and negative ions.

Symbols that show the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms. Chemical Formula Symbols that show the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms.

Subscript A number in a chemical formula that tells the number of atoms in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound.

A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons. Covalent Bond A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons.

A compound that is composed of molecules. Molecular Compound A compound that is composed of molecules.

A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Molecule A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally. Non-Polar Bond A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally.

A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally. Polar Bond A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally.

Metallic Bond An attraction between a positive metal ion and the electrons surroundings.

Crystal A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats again and again.

Naica Mine

Acid A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus paper red.

A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base. Indicator A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base.

Base A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue.

Neutralization A reaction of an acid with a base, yielding a solution that is not as acidic of basic as the starting solutions were.

Salt An iconic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base.

A range of values used to indicate how acidic or basic a substance is. ph Scale A range of values used to indicate how acidic or basic a substance is.