Chapter 4.1 Miners and Ranchers

Main Ideas Understand the role of innovation on the development and interaction of societies. Understand significant changes caused by technology, industrialization, urbanization, and population growth and the effects of these changes. Understand the historical impact of the interaction and interdependence of science, technology, and society in a variety of cultural settings.

Chapter 4.1: Miners and Ranchers Mining played an important part in settling the west Settlers came to “strike it rich” The demand for minerals grew The U.S. changed from farming to industry Encouraged the building of railroads

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching As more and more gold and silver was found more and more settlers moved to the American West. Sutter’s Mill Comstock Lode “Boomtowns” quickly formed As more and more towns were built the need for law and order was needed.

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching To solve the problem of Law and Order, “vigilance committees” were formed. As the mines went dry, the boomtowns turned into ghost towns.

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching 3 types of mining Placer Sluice Hydraulic

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching Placer mining: Used first. Anyone could placer mine. A person finds a “place” and starts to dig or pan for gold. Sluice mining: Water from a stream was diverted through a box with filters to catch the gold. Hydraulic mining: Water was sprayed at a hill to wash the gold into sluices to catch the gold.

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching Longhorn Cattle were a Spanish cattle that had roamed free on the “open range” for 200 years. There were over 5 million. They were rounded up and put on “haciendas”. They were then taken to railheads by the “long drive” Chisholm Trail

Chapter 4.1 Mining and Ranching As more and more people moved west, the land was soon bought and fenced in. At first, ranchers saw barbed wire as a threat because it kept their herds from roaming freely. The fencing of the open range resulted in the end of the long cattle drives.