Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

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Presentation transcript:

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

Acceleration- the change in velocity that objects experience over time Rate of change in velocity Vector Changing either speed or direction changes acceleration Units: m/s² or m/s/s

Finding Acceleration Acceleration= change in velocity time Change in velocity = final – initial velocity velocity Acceleration= final velocity- initial velocity time A = Vf - Vi

A car traveling at 60 m/s accelerates to 90 m/s in 3 seconds A car traveling at 60 m/s accelerates to 90 m/s in 3 seconds. What is the car’s acceleration?

Deceleration- something slows down ( negative acceleration) A car traveling at 60 mph slams on the breaks to avoid hitting a deer. The car comes to a safe stop 6 seconds after applying the breaks. What is the car’s acceleration?

Free Fall: the constant acceleration of an object moving only under the influence of gravity is g =9.8 m/s2 The acceleration caused by gravity is 10 m/s2 If there was no air, all objects would fall at the same speed Doesn’t depend on mass After 1 second falling at 10 m/s After 2 seconds 20 m/s 3 seconds 30 m/s

Gravity… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy3nATe85Kg

Acceleration is caused by a FORCE Acceleration is always in the same direction of the net force Acceleration is directly proportional to force.

Acceleration also depends on Mass. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvy4nWh0KwE

Acceleration also depends on mass Mass: measure of how much material an object has Weight: depends on the amount of gravity Mass is not the same thing as weight!!!

Weight vs. Mass http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=grWG_U4sgS8

More mass an object has the less acceleration Acceleration ~1/ mass Acceleration is inversely proportionate to mass

Newton’s 2nd law The acceleration produced by a net force on an object is directly proportional to the net force, is in the same direction as the net force and is inversely proportional to the mass of an object F=ma

What?? The larger the net force, the bigger the acceleration. Acceleration and net force are always in the same direction. The larger the mass the smaller the acceleration.

Practice Problems Consider a 1000kg car pulled by a cable with 2000N of force. What would be the acceleration?

One more problem If a mass of 5kg is moving at an acceleration of 3 m/s2, what is the force?