Constitutional Convention

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CREATING THE CONSTITUTION

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Presentation transcript:

Constitutional Convention 55 delegates from 12 states (all but RI) Met to amend the Articles of Confederation Some called the convention illegal. Working in secrecy to avoid outside pressure James Madison (father of the Constitution)

Different Constitutional Plans The New Jersey Plan Unicameral Congress Equal representation for States of different sizes More than one federal executive The Virginia Plan Three branches of government Bicameral legislature “National Executive” and “National Judiciary”

Constitutional Compromises The Great Compromise Delegates agreed on a bicameral Congress, one segment with equal representation for States, and the other with representation proportionate to the States’ populations. The Three-Fifths Compromise The Framers decided to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State. The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Congress was forbidden from taxing exported goods, and was not allowed to act on the slave trade for 20 years.

Constitutional Compromises The Three-Fifths Compromise The Framers decided to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State. The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Congress was forbidden from taxing exported goods, and was not allowed to act on the slave trade for 20 years.

Weaknesses of the Constitution No Bill of Rights Not Completely Democratic Senators elected by state legislatures President elected by electoral college Slavery not abolished Slave trade would end in 1808, slavery in 1865 Did not include universal suffrage African-Americans could not vote until 1869 (15th) Women in 1919 (19th)

The Great Debate Anti-Federalists – opposed ratification No bill of rights Powerful central government Federalists – supported ratification Articles were too weak States had their own bill of rights Separation of Powers limited the government

Ratification 9 states required New Hampshire became the 9th state to ratify in June of 1788 Inauguration of the government did not happen until Virginia and New York ratified two months later.