China Reunites Chapter 4 Section 1 Notes
Fall of the Han Dynasty The Han dynasty of China collapsed causing China to plunge into civil war Warlords: With no central government, China was ruled by warlords Warlords: Military leaders who run a government
The Reunification of China China reunited under General __________ Sui dynasty: Founded by General _____________ but was did not last long. Yangdi: Son of General Wendi, took over after the death of Wendi Projects: Yangdi rebuilt the Great Wall of China, and the Grand Canal
The Reunification of China Grand Canal: Important route for shipping products between northern and southern China. It helped to unite China’s economy Economy: organized way in which people produce, sell, and purchase things.
The Reunification of China Yangdi rebuilt China but at the expense of the Chinese people Farmers were forced to work on the projects as well as pay high taxes to fund the projects Farmers revolted, army took over and killed Yangdi The death of Yangdi marks the end of the Sui dynasty
Tang Dynasty The Tang Dynasty followed the Sui dynasty Was in power for about 300 years Tang Capital: Changan, magnificent city with about a population of 1 million
Tang Dynasty Tang rulers tried to strengthen China’s government Reforms: changes that brought improvement Taizong: powerful Tang emperor who tried to restore the civil service exam system
Tang Dynasty Civil Service Exam System: Did not matter if you were qualified, individuals got jobs by their connections Reforms: Government officials were once again hired based on how well they did on exams rather than family connections
Tang Dynasty Empress_____: Empress of China Only women to rule China on her own Forceful leader: added more ________ officials and strengthened China military forces
Tang Dynasty China regained much of its power in Asia Took control of the Silk Road: trading route for China, traded silk Turks: nomads who took over the Silk Road and pushed China’s army out of central Asia Fall of the Tang dynasty: loss of silk road damaged economy, revolts in Tibet and Chinese farmers cause China to collapse
Song dynasty Period of prosperity and cultural achievement Problems faced: unable to defend large empire due to the lack of soldiers Tibet broke away and nomads took over northern China for safety Song moved their capital farther south to the city of Hangzhou
Buddhism Buddhism is a religion Traders and missionaries from India brought Buddhism to China Time of great suffering: buddhism taught people they could escape their suffering by following Buddhism principles Result: many Chinese people seeking peace and comfort became Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism Early Tang rulers were not Buddhism but they allowed Buddhism to be practiced in China ___________: are buddhist temples, place of worship Provided services for the people: ran schools, rooms and food for travelers, and medical care
Chinese Buddhism Not everyone like Buddhism: Some thought monks and nuns weakened respect of family life because they were not allowed to _________. Fear of Buddhism: Tang view Buddhism as an enemy destroyed many ___________ and temples in China Buddhism never fully recovered in China
New Confucian Ideas Confucianism: Not a religion, its a way of life; a philosophy Civil Service Exams: Influenced by Confucian ideas and implemented by the Han dynasty Fall of Han Dynasty: No more civil service exams, Confucianism lost support
Neo-Confucianism Tang dynasty supported Confucianism as a way to reduce the influence of ______________ Neo-Confucianism: taught that life in this world was just as important as the afterlife followers were expected to take part in life and help others