Objective: TLW examine the causes of European exploration and the effects on the native people through notes, activity, and discussion.

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Presentation transcript:

Objective: TLW examine the causes of European exploration and the effects on the native people through notes, activity, and discussion.

Exploration Throughout high Middle Ages and Renaissance, Europeans more wealthy b/c of trade fascinated by Far East (Marco Polo) most countries settled down, kings had consolidated power new inventions/ideas from East: astrolabe, compass, deep-draft ships, caravel 3 main reasons for European expansion (the 3 G’s): God, glory, gold, conversion of heathen for God, glory for nation/monarch, gold for merchant/ adventurer

American Civilizations

Maya

Maya c. 300-900 AD Central America had large cities centered around pyramid w/ shrine to gods city-states w/ hereditary rulers, nobles, artisans/merchants, peasants, slaves polytheistic, used human sacrifice to appease gods and celebrate events Sophisticated calendar used both solar calendar (365 days) and sacred calendar don’t know why it declined

Aztec

Aztec c. 1100s-1500s AD Mexico, capital at Tenochtitlan powerful warriors believed in human sacrifice scientific, calculated movement of some planets believed sign of arrow through a tree meant gods returning (Spanish cross) Conquistador – Spanish military leader who fought against Native Americans Hernan Cortes- landed 1519 AD, welcomed by Montezuma (king) but soon took him hostage and destroyed Aztec civilization Aztecs defeated by disease (smallpox) as much as by weapons

Inca

Inca c.1400-1535 AD Peru/Chile area used llamas to transport goods great builders: roads and bridges, monuments w/o mortar (Machu Picchu) no written language, kept records w/ knotted rope (quipu) Francisco Pizarro- landed 1531 and defeated Incas after leader Atahualpa wouldn’t convert Incas and Aztecs defeated by disease (smallpox) as much as by weapons Which reason for exploration does Francisco Pizarro fall under? God, glory or gold?