Lipids Name___________

Lipids Made of C, H, O Very Little Oxygen! Organic Cannot dissolve in water

Lipids Examples Triglycerides Waxes Phospholipids Steroids Fats & oils Major source of lipids in our diet Waxes Phospholipids Cell membranes Steroids cholesterol hormones Testosterone & estrogen

Lipids Functions: energy storage Long term – very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates! cell membrane forms a boundary around the cell cushions and protects organs water repellent coating on leaves, skin insulates body think whale blubber!

Triglyceride = 3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol not a true monomer or polymer = just a “macromolecule” general O I L F A T

Fatty Acids: Saturated or Unsaturated

OILS Triglyceride with unsaturated fatty acids Usually from plant sources Better dietary choice Liquid at room temperature Examples: olive oil, corn oil, fish oil

FATS Triglyceride with saturated fatty acids Usually from animal sources Less healthy for your heart Can clog your arteries Solid at room temperature Examples: Butter, fatty meats, lard

Saturated vs. unsaturated 

Steroids Lipids with a unique 4-ring structure Other lipids in biology Steroids Lipids with a unique 4-ring structure NOT: “Anabolic Steroids”! (Drugs used to mimic testosterone)

Cholesterol good molecule in animal cell membranes can make hormones from it Cholesterol is not necessary in our diet because our liver can make it. Too much cholesterol in blood may lead to atherosclerosis

Other lipids in biology Phospholipids Important part of all cell membranes A phospholipid is made of a phosphate “head”, a glycerol, and 2 fatty acid “tails” heads are on the outside touching water They “like” water tails are on inside away from water They are “scared” of water forms a barrier between the inside/outside of a cell. H E A D T I L S

Cell Membrane = boundary to control what enters/leaves cell