NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Overview of NIOSH-Approved Respiratory Protection Devices

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Types Air Purifying Respirators Purify contaminated air by filtration, absorption or chemical reaction to make it suitable for breathing. Air Supplying Respirators Provides breathing gas from a source independent of the surrounding/contaminated atmosphere.

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Facepieces The respirator normally attaches to the wearer with a facepiece, although there are also other connections such as mouth-bit, hoods or helmets The type of facepiece affects how well the respirator seals against the wearers face which, in turn, relates to inward leakage in negative pressure phases

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Types Air Purifying Respirators – Non-powered and Powered Air Purifying Particulate Filtering Gas / Vapor Removing Combination Gas/Vapor and Particulate Filtering

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Inlet Coverings for Air- Purifying Respirators Non-powered – tight fitting Filtering Facepiece Mouth-bit Quarter Mask Half Mask Full Facepiece Powered Air Purifying Respirator – can be tight or loose fit Half Mask Full Facepiece Hood Helmet

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Filtering Facepieces

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Half Mask Air-Purifying Respirator Facepiece Air-Purifying Element Exhalation Valve Inhalation Valve Headbands

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Full Facepiece, Air-Purifying Respirators (Single Cartridge) Facepiece Air-Purifying Element Exhalation Valve Inhalation Valve Eyepiece Air Directing Inlet

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Full Facepiece Powered, Air-Purifying Respirators (PAPR)

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Loose-Fitting Helmet with PAPR Circular Perforated Air Diffuser Adjustable Collar Hood and Cape Metal Helmet Flexible Tube

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Filters for Particles Types of particulates Dusts - solid particles usually generated by mechanical stress Fumes - solid particles generated by condensing a gas or by chemical reaction, usually refers to metals Mists - suspended liquid droplets

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Particulate Removal Mechanisms Electrostatic - the particle carries an electrical charge while the fibers of the filter have been enhanced to carry the opposite electrical charge, thereby making the particle attracted to the fibers. Mechanical - the particle is physically stopped and held by the fibers of the filter.

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Efficiency Particulate filters are classed as N, R, or P combined with 95, 99, or 100 N - Not resistant to oil mist R - Resistant to oil mist P - Protective against all particulates 95, 99, approximate filter efficiency against 0.3 micron particles P100 particulate filters capture 99.97% of 0.3 micron particles

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH NIOSH approval is issued for classes of gases and vapors Organic vapors Acid gases Cartridges and Canisters for Gases and Vapors (cont.)

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH NIOSH approval is issued for specific gases Ammonia Methylamine Chlorine Sulfur Dioxide Hydrogen Chloride Hydrogen Sulfide Formaldehyde And others Cartridges and Canisters for Gases and Vapors

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Labels are color-coded Organic vapors – Black Acid gases – White Organic vapors and Acid gases – Yellow Ammonia and Methylamine – Green Any other gas or vapor not listed - Olive P100 – Magenta Identification of Cartridges and Canisters

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Always read the NIOSH Approval Label to verify that the cartridge or filter on your respirator is approved for the contaminant in the work place!

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Example of a NIOSH Approval Label

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Types Air Purifying Respirators Purify contaminated air by filtration, absorption or chemical reaction to make it suitable for breathing. Air Supplying Respirators Provides breathing gas from a source independent of the surrounding/contaminated atmosphere.

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Types Air Supplied Respirators Continuous flow Pressure Demand Abrasive Blast Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Self-Contained Self Rescuer

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Inlet Coverings for Continuous Flow Air-Supplying Respirators Can be tight-fitting or loose-fitting Quarter Mask Half Mask Full Facepiece Hood Helmet May incorporate a filter for entry and egress

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Continuous Flow Air-Supplying Respirators

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Inlet Coverings for Pressure Demand Air-Supplying Respirators Must be tight-fitting Half Mask Full Facepiece May incorporate a filter for entry and egress

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Pressure Demand Air-Supplying Respirators

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Inlet Coverings for Self- Contained Breathing Apparatus Must be tight-fitting. Only Full Facepiece can be approved.

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Inlet Coverings for Self- Contained Self Rescuer Most, if not all, Self Rescuer units are mouth-bit respirators

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Self-Contained Self Rescuers

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Regulatory Requirements The selection, use, and maintenance of respirators in the US is regulated by Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirators must be used when effective engineering controls are not feasible or while they are being instituted. Usage of Respirators

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Selection Factors Use conditions (e.g. grinding, using jackhammer, asbestos or lead abatement, painting) Contaminant type (known or unknown) Physical/chemical/toxicological properties of contaminant Occupational exposure limits (e.g. OSHA, PEL, NIOSH, REL) Immediately dangerous to life or health concentration

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respirator Selection Factors Oxygen deficient atmosphere (<19.5% O 2 by volume) Entry or escape Expected concentration of each respiratory hazard Eye irritation potential Environmental factors, such as presence of oil aerosols

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Assigned Protection Factors Assigned Protection Factors (APFs) are the metric for determining respirator performance on the worker APFs can be thought of as multiples of the occupational exposure limit (OEL) or fractions of the contaminated atmosphere: for an APF of 10, the respirator would protect against 10 times the OEL or expose the worker to 1/10 of the contaminated atmosphere APFs assume the worker will have a fit factor 10 times the APF to allow for variations in donning

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Assigned Protection Factors The APF is determined based on the leakage of the face seal, penetration through the filter, penetration or leakage from other sources, and a statistical determination to protect 95% of users The leakage from the face seal is additive to penetration from the filter

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH OSHA Assigned Protection Factors OSHA determines assigned protection factors for respirators

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Respiratory Protection Program A complete written program which includes Maintenance, inspection, cleaning, storage and evaluation of the respirator Use of the respirator in accordance with the manufacturers instructions Fit testing Regular worker training Medical evaluation Environmental monitoring

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Thank you Visit Us at: Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this presentation have not been formally disseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.

NPPTL Year Month Day Initials BRANCH Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this presentation have not been formally disseminated by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory 626 Cochrans Mill Road Pittsburgh PA (412) National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory 626 Cochrans Mill Road Pittsburgh PA (412)