Mind Stretcher – copy the question! DNA of (Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic) cells is found in the nucleus. Plants and animal cells have cell membranes, but a plant cells’ outer layer is called the _____________. cell wall

Get ready to take notes!

Cellular Transport! The process by which molecules are moved from one side of the cell membrane to the other Two Types Active Passive

Passive Transport Doesn’t require energy Move molecules from high to low concentration Like coasting down hill on a bike!

Dissolving KMnO4 crystal Diffusion Particles in a liquid or gas spread out… … from regions of high concentration… … to regions of low concentration… …until the particles are evenly spread out. (reach equilibrium) Dissolving KMnO4 crystal

Diffusion occurs because the particles in gases and liquids are moving.

Concentration Gradient The difference between the regions of high concentration and low concentration The steeper the concentration gradient, the faster diffusion takes place High concentration gradient Fast rate of diffusion Low concentration gradient Slow rate of diffusion

“Selectively Permeable” Membranes “Semi-Permeable” or “Selectively Permeable” Membranes A semi-permeable membrane will allow certain molecules to pass through it, but not others. Partially permeable membrane Generally, small particles can pass through… …but large particles cannot

Free water molecules diffuse in this direction Partially-permeable membrane More free water molecules on this side of membrane Water-solute particle is too large to pass through membrane Free water molecules diffuse in this direction

Video

Osmosis Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules… from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration of water molecules…across a semi-permeable membrane…until they are evenly spread out.

Video 1 Video 2

Passive Transport Does osmosis or diffusion require energy? No, molecules move along a concentration gradient (high to low).

Why are osmosis & diffusion important? All living things have requirements they must satisfy in order to remain alive – homeostasis Including exchanging gases (usually CO2 and O2), taking in water, minerals, and food, and eliminating wastes. These tasks happen at the cellular level.

Mind Stretcher – 11/30/15 Particles/molecules In diffusion, __________move from areas of ________ concentration to areas of __________ concentration. In osmosis, _______ molecules move from areas of __________ concentration to areas of _____________ concentration. high low water high Start Gummy bear lab with low

Active Transport Requires Energy. ATP (form of energy made by mitochondria). Moves against the concentration gradient – LOW to HIGH

Active Transport Analogy: Like pedaling uphill on a bike. You must use ENERGY to get from the lowest to highest part of the hill. 

Endocytosis- Going “IN” to the cell Transporting material into a cell by the folding of a membrane.

Endocytosis- Going “IN” to the cell

Exocytosis- “EXITS” the cell Moves materials out of the cell

Video Links

Let’s Sketch It- Active v. Passive Transport!

Let’s Sketch It- Endocytosis v. Exocytosis

CELLS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT HOMEOSTASIS

LIFE’S BALANCING ACT If you are too hot or too cold… your body temperature is out of balance!

When we are too cold we shiver and it warms us up. When we are too hot we sweat and it cools us down.

Sweating and shivering are the body’s response to extreme temperature. They help the body return to a temperature that is comfortable. The body is balanced

CELL BALANCE Your body is made up of cells. And, just like your body, cells must stay balanced. They must have just the right amount of materials to maintain the proper environment for your body.

HOMEOSTASIS The balance that all living things have to maintain, is called HOMEOSTASIS.

Summary- Answer the following in complete sentences at the bottom of your notes. What is Diffusion? What is Osmosis? What is Passive Transport? What is Active Transport? What is Homeostasis?

Password  chloroplast Cell Wall Photosynthesis Cell Membrane Nucleus Edit the boxes for your subject… Cell Membrane Nucleus Mitochondria 