Carboxylic Acids

C11-5-20 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Vocabulary & Concepts OUTCOME QUESTION(S): Name and write structural models for and name alkyl halides. Name and write structural models for common alcohols and describe uses. Name and write structural models for common acids Name and write structural models for common esters and investigate importance. Vocabulary & Concepts

R The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group. Made up of two smaller functional groups General formula: R–COOH carbonyl group O C R H Common organic acids: Sour fruits (citric acid) Vinegar (acetic acid) Amino acids (proteins) Fatty acids (fats) hydroxyl group

There are three ways to represent the carboxyl group Properties of Carboxylic Acids: Strong IMF (dipoles) gives high bp/mp Very Polar covalent: < 5C are soluble in water Weak acids that ionize when dissolved O C R H O C R _ δ- δ+ H + (aq) (aq) -electrolytes- There are three ways to represent the carboxyl group

Naming Carboxylic Acids Identify the parent chain (longest chain with OOH). Ending with – anoic acid Numbering always begins with the carbon containing the carboxyl group. Name any branches as usual The carboxyl group is always be at an end…carbon can only have 4 bonds so the chain can’t continue CH3– CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C OH O 6 5 4 3 2 1 hexanoic acid

(some ant and bee stings) Name the following compounds: HC OH O methanoic acid formic acid (some ant and bee stings) 1 CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – C OH O CH3 6 5 4 3 2 1 5-methylhexanoic acid CH3CH(Br)CH(Br)COOH 4 3 2 1 2,3-dibromobutanoic acid

The carboxyl can’t be off the benzene ring carbon – too many bonds Draw the following compounds: l C OH O H3C – C OH O ethanoic acid acetic acid (vinegar) 1 6 2 2 1 5 3 4 benzoic acid The carboxyl can’t be off the benzene ring carbon – too many bonds CH3 CH2-C-COOH 3 2 1 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid

C11-5-20 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Vocabulary & Concepts CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? Name and write structural models for and name alkyl halides. Name and write structural models for common alcohols and describe uses. Name and write structural models for common acids Name and write structural models for common esters and investigate importance. Vocabulary & Concepts