Johnson’s Domestic Policy How did Johnson’s Great Society Programs change life for most Americans?

After Kennedy’s death, Vice President Johnson was sworn in as the new President. The nation moved to resolve the economic and equality issues Kennedy had identified and create a great society where poverty would be eliminated. Johnson also appointed the Warren Commission to investigate the assassination of President Kennedy.

Objectives Evaluate Johnson’s policies up to his victory in the 1964 presidential election. Analyze Johnson’s goals and actions as seen in his Great Society programs. Assess the achievements of the Great Society.

Terms and People Lyndon B. Johnson – became President after Kennedy’s assassination Civil Rights Act of 1964 – outlawed discrimination in public places and employment based on race, religion, or national origin War on Poverty – President Johnson’s programs aimed at aiding the country’s poor through education, job training, health care, and nutrition Economic Opportunity Act – 1964 law creating antipoverty programs: Job Core,VISTA,Head Start Warren Court – Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren whose decisions supported civil rights and rights of the accused

Terms and People (continued) Great Society – President Johnson’s goals in the areas of health care, education, the environment, discrimination, and poverty Medicare – a federal program that provided basic hospital insurance for Americans aged 65 and older Medicaid – a federal program that provided basic medical services to poor and disabled Americans Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 – changed America’s immigration quota system(based on reuniting Immigrant families & attracting skilled labor to the United States, Asia, Africa,Latin Am.)

How did Johnson’s Great Society programs change life for most Americans? President Johnson shared the goals President Kennedy had advanced. These goals helped shape his Great Society program. He pushed important domestic legislation through Congress. LBJ WON EASILY IN 1964, AND THE DEMOCRATS GAINED MAJORITIES IN BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESS THIS MEANT LBJ COULD GET HIS GREAT SOCIETY LEGISLATION PASSED.

After Vice President Lyndon B After Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as President, he worked for the same goals Kennedy had championed. Johnson was a seasoned politician who built consensus in Congress to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 7

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Outlawed discrimination in voting, education, and public accommodations Established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to fight discrimination in hiring Prohibited discrimination on the basis of a person’s sex in public accommodations and in hiring 8

President Johnson convinced Congress to pass a big tax cut for the middle class. He also established the War on Poverty to promote job training, education, and health care for those in need.

As part of the War on Poverty, the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 Created the Job Corps to train young people in work skills Established Volunteers in Service to America, or VISTA, to send volunteers into poor American communities Formed the Head Start program to fund preschool programs

In the 1964 presidential election, President Johnson defeated Barry Goldwater in a landslide. AuH20-64> Johnson used his popularity to call for a Great Society that would end poverty and racial injustice and provide opportunity for every child. 11

Johnson’s Great Society Created Medicare and Medicaid (SS1935) Provided funds to impoverished school districts (1.3 Billion dollars towards low income)Elementary and Secondary Education Act Passed legislation to improve air and water quality Passed the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 to lift immigration quotas (350,000) Created the National Endowment for the Arts and Humanities http://www.history.com/topics/us-immigration- since-1965 12

Johnson’s Great Society- think about it.. How are the Peace Corps (Kennedy) and VISTA (Johnson) similar? Different? How are Medicare and Medicaid similar? Different? Why was Johnson able to pass legislation through Congress that Kennedy could not?

How Successful were the Great Society Programs and Policies? In 1964 President Lyndon Johnson said three of the central goals of the Great Society were building great cities, protecting the environment and improving education. He also said that “This Great Society rests upon abundance and liberty for all and demands an end to poverty and racial injustice… a place where every child can find knowledge to enrich his mind and enlarge his talents…” Had America become a “great”, “almost great” or “not so great” society under President Lyndon B. Johnson?

During Johnson’s presidency, the Supreme Court decided many cases involving controversial social, political, and religious issues. Called the Warren Court after Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court supported civil rights, civil liberties, voting rights, and personal privacy. 15

https://mass. pbslearningmedia. org/resource/pres10. socst. ush. now https://mass.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/pres10.socst.ush.now.greatsociety/lbj-and-the-great-society/# Johnson’s Great Society Until justice is blind to color, until education is unaware of race, until opportunity is unconcerned with the color of men's skins, emancipation will be a proclamation but not a fact.

The Warren Court ruled on many significant issues. 1953-1969 Voter’s rights: “one man, one vote” principle Rights of the accused To have a lawyer present To have a court-appointed lawyer To be told about rights Prayer in school 17

Earl Warren Criminal Procedures MAPP V OHIO 1961-EXCLUSIONARY RULE-EVIDENCE SEIZED ILLEGALLY COULD NOT BE USED IN COURT GIDEON V WAINWRIGHT 1963-SUSPECTS WHO COULD NOT AFFORD A LAWYER HAD TO THE RIGHT TO FREE LEGAL AID ESCOBEDO V ILLINOIS 1964-ACCESS TO A LAWYER WHILE BEING QUESTIONED MIRANDA V ARIZONA 1966-SEE PICTURE TO THE RIGHT

videos Miranda v. Arizona http://mass.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/bf09.socst.us.const.miranda/miranda-v-arizona/ http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/the-right-to-remain-silent-miranda-v-arizona (25 minutes) Gideon v. Wainright http://mass.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/bf09.socst.us.const.gideon/gideon-v-wainwright/ http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/key-constitutional-concepts Mapp V. Ohio http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/search-and-seizure-mapp-v-ohio

Retirement planning https://www.ssa.gov/planners/retire/agereduction.html What is the Social Security Retirement Age? Social Security's full-benefit retirement age is increasing gradually because of legislation passed by Congress in 1983. Traditionally, the full benefit age was 65, and early retirement benefits were first available at age 62, with a permanent reduction to 80 percent of the full benefit amount. Currently, the full benefit age is 66 for people born in 1943-1954, and it will gradually rise to 67 for those born in 1960 or later. Early retirement benefits will continue to be available at age 62, but they will be reduced more. When the full-benefit age reaches 67, benefits taken at age 62 will be reduced to 70 percent of the full benefit and benefits first taken at age 65 will be reduced to 86.7 percent of the full benefit. There is a financial bonus for delayed retirement. An individual reaching the full-benefit age in 2015 (66 years old) receives an additional 8 percent benefit for each year he or she delays collecting benefits. If he or she delays taking benefits until age 70, the benefit will be 32 percent higher because of that delay.