The First Colonists.

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Georgia Studies Unit 2: Exploration and Georgia Colonization

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Presentation transcript:

The First Colonists

Essential Questions

What were the reasons for Georgia’s settlement? Who contributed to the establishment of the Georgia colony? Who were the malcontents and what affect did they have on the Georgia colony? Which countries posed a threat to the Georgia colony?

The First Georgia Colonists Debtors & Prisoners

The First Georgia Colonists •Carefully Investigated • Promised 50 acres of land, tools, and enough food for 1 year • If they could pay their own way, received 500 acres of land and permission to take 10 indentured servants.

In Exchange.... They Agreed to... Defend the New Colony Land Could Not Be Sold Farm the Land Grow Mulberry Trees on Portion of Land Obey all regulations established by the trustees.

Between 114 and 125 settlers sailed from England on the ship Ann in 1732.

Tomochichi Oglethorpe befriended Tomochichi, chief of the Yamacraw Indians.

Yamacraw Bluff Tomochichi led the settlers to Yamacraw Bluff overlooking the Savannah River. This became the first settlement of the new Georgia colony.

Who was Mary Musgrove? Daughter of a white trader and an Indian woman from a powerful family of the Creek nation. Served as an interpreter between James Oglethorpe and the Native Americans. She and her first husband, John Musgrove, established fur trade with the Creeks. Instrumental in the peaceful founding of Savannah.

New Colonists Arrive in Georgia Forty original settlers died in the first year. In 1733, 42 Jews were allowed to settle in Georgia, including a much-needed doctor.

Soon, other colonists start coming too…

The Salzburgers A group of German protestants were forced to leave Salzburg Germany, which was controlled by the Catholics. They settled in a town called Ebenezer (Rock of Help), about 25 miles from Savannah.

Why did the Salzburgers move from their original location? They worked hard, spoke a different language, and stayed to themselves. Three years later, they moved to Red Bluff and settled a new town called New Ebenezer because the land was marshy with poor soil for crops.

Highland Scots • Recruited by Oglethorpe to provide defense for Georgia. • Very capable soldiers • Built a fort at Darien –Fort King George

In 1721, the English established Fort King George at the mouth of the Altamaha River, near today’s Darien. The fort was a “warning point” for invaders from Spanish Florida. The fort was abandoned after six years. 16

More Settlers... Oglethorpe and Chief Tomochichi returned from a trip to England in 1736 with 300 more settlers. Religious leaders John and Charles Wesley also arrived in Georgia.