1.  SS8H2 Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, Charter of 1732, Reasons for settlement (charity, economics and defense), Tomochichi and Mary Musgrove, and the City of Savannah

2.  James Edward Oglethorpe-founder of the colony; wrote the Charter of 1732 asking permission from the King; born in London, England  Robert Castell-Oglethorpe’s friend who died in prison; The city of Savannah was designed in honor of him  King George II-King of England  Chief Tomochichi-the leader of the Yamacraw Indians who became friends with Oglethorpe  Mary Musgrove-the Indian interpreter for Oglethorpe

8.  Educated and wealthy  Cared greatly about people and wanted to help those in need  His friend Robert Castell is jailed for not paying his debts. He dies in prison  Developed a plan that promised a fresh start in the New World to “unfortunate but worthy individuals”  Promises King George they will be a buffer colony to protect the British from the French, Spanish and the Native Americans

10. A buffer colony to protect the British colonies from the Spanish who were south of the colony and the Native Americans, and the French, who were west of the colony

11.  In 1732, King George signed the Charter for Georgia to be a trustee colony for 21 years.  Oglethorpe promised that silk, dyes, wine, spices, and semitropical fruit would be sent from Georgia back to England.  This colony, like others, would create a balanced trading policy to make Great Britain self sufficient and it would be a defensive buffer to protect British colonies from the Spanish and French.

12. The countries want to export more than they import; colonies are expected to supply the mother country with raw materials which they will use to produce goods…..and who will they sell those goods to???? We call this mercantilism.

13.  Why did England create Georgia as the 13 th colony?

14. 1. Charity-allow the working poor who faced jail because of debt to start over ~ “unfortunate but worthy individuals” 2. Economics- to provide raw materials to England to help them export more than they imported ~ mercantilism 3. Defense- to protect the other British colonies from Indians, French and SpanishSpanish

15. A charter is a legal document that grants special rights and privileges. This charter stated that the Trustees (people who hold responsibility for others) could NOT 1. Own land 2. Hold political office 3. Get paid for their work

16.  Catholics, Blacks, liquor dealers and lawyers could not become colonists.

17.  Catholics-Church of England and the Catholic church did not get along  Blacks-So that slavery would not be introduced to the colony  Lawyers-Colonists need to settle problems on their own (out of court)  Liquor Dealers-Drinking would keep people from working

19.  Debtors, former prisoners, or working poor never made it to Georgia during its early settlement.  The original humanitarian reasons for starting the colony were all but forgotten.  Applicants were promised 50 acres of land, tools and enough food for one year.  If you could pay your own way, you would receive 500 acres of land and permission to take 10 indentured servants.

20.  Defend the colony against all new enemies.  Land given to colonists couldn’t be sold.  Land couldn’t be borrowed against, and had to handed down to the male heir.

21.  Colonists got seeds and tools and must grow food for the colony.  They had to grow mulberry trees to attract silk worms to produce silk.  They had to obey all rules set up by trustees.

22. About 125 people set sail on the ship named the Ann. The voyage took about 88 days.

23.  James Oglethorpe and the Ann docked at Charleston, South Carolina. They moved the next day to Port Royal (Beaufort, South Carolina) on January 14, 1733.

24. Oglethorpe quickly makes friends with the Yamacraw Indians through their chief, Tomochichi. He then goes to the trading post in the village to find an interpreter.

25.  The trading post was operated by John Musgrove and his wife, Mary. She becomes the interpreter for Oglethorpe and Tomochichi. The two men, with her help become lifelong, close friends.

27.  When colonists landed at Yamacraw Bluff, they put up 4 large tents for shelter.  Within two weeks they began building the first permanent homes.

28.  Oglethorpe has no title and very limited power, but the colonists accept him as their leader.  He makes treaties with the Native Americans  He trains a militia, a citizen army, to defend the settlement

30. Do you see the steps??

31.  Oglethorpe works with surveyor Noble Jones to design the future city of Savannah.

32.  The basic pattern of this first planned city in the colonies was after a design by Robert Castell, Oglethorpe’s friend who had died in a British debtor’s prison.

33.  It was to be a city planned around open squares.  The center of the square would be for social, political or religious gatherings.

34.  Work was done in spite of growing medical problems caused from a lack of fresh vegetables, changes in climate, poor sanitation and hard labor. 40 settlers died the first year.

35.  Who: Salzburgers  What: A group of protestants led by John Martin Bolzius  When: They arrived in 1734  Where: First settled in Ebenezer, but the ground was marshy and not very productive, so they moved their settlement and named it NEW Ebenezer  Why: They came to Georgia to escape religious persecution

36.  Who: Highland Scots  What: A group of soldiers from Scotland who were recruited by Oglethorpe to help colonize and defend the colony. They defeated the Spanish in the Battle of Bloody Marsh.  When:1736  Where: Built the town and fort called Darien along the Altamaha River  Why: They greatly opposed slavery and wanted to defend the slavery free colony of Georgia

37.  Malcontents were people who were unhappy and voiced their complaints to the Trustees and others.  They were unhappy with slavery, the sale of rum and ownership of land in the colony.  Their discontent was proof that the Trustees did NOT represent the changing colony of Georgia.

38.  The new laws were NOT popular  Things were not going as planned in the colony:  Mulberry tress were the wrong kind  Unable to grow plants for dyes or grapes for wine  Colonists wanted to be successful like South Carolina

39.  Spain controls Florida and this is a threat to our colony.  Spanish Militia defeats Oglethorpe and his soldiers.  Oglethorpe soon gets another opportunity. His soldiers along with the HIGHLAND SCOTS waited in the dense woods and marsh to create a surprise ATTACK!!

40.  This was known as the Battle of Bloody Marsh (It wasn’t very bloody) and the Highland Scots along with Oglethorpe’s men helped to win the battle and save the day!!!  It marks the beginning of a safe southern frontier for the British.

41.  Oglethorpe leaves Georgia in 1743 and never returns.  His leaving had great impact on the colony because under new leadership, the Trustees returned Georgia to King George II and most of the restrictive laws were changed.

42.  Non Sibi Sed Allis  “Not for themselves, but for others”  Discuss as a class what this means