Muscle Contraction.

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Presentation transcript:

Muscle Contraction

Learning Objectives To know the different muscle fibre types. To understand the structural and functional characteristics of the different muscle fibre types. To be able to justify different muscle fibre types in different sports performers.

Slow twitch (Type 1) Fast oxidative glycolytic (Type 2a/ FOG) Fast Glycolytic (Type 2b/ FG)

Muscle Fibre Types Characteristics Slow Twitch (Type 1) Fast Oxidative Glycolytic (Type 2a/ FOG) Fast Glycolytic (Type 2b/ FG) Fibre size Number of mitochondria Number of capillaries Myoglobin content PC stores Glycogen stores Triglyceride stores Speed of contraction Force of contraction Resistance to fatigue Aerobic capacity Anaerobic capacity Small Large Moderate High Low Highest Slow Fastest Lowest Myoglobin - a protein found in the muscle cells of animals. It functions as an oxygen-storage unit, providing oxygen to the working muscles. PC - One of the ways that this ATP supply is regenerated is through the molecule creatine phosphate (or phosphocreatine). Glycogen - a multi-branched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals. Triglyceride - Fat and carbohydrate storage within muscle fibres are called intramusculartriglycerides.

Characteristics Slow Twitch (Type 1) MARATHON Fast Oxidative Glycolytic (Type 2a/ FOG) 800M Fast Glycolytic (Type 2b/ FG) SPRINT HURDLES Fibre size Number of mitochondria Number of capillaries Myoglobin content PC stores Glycogen stores Triglyceride stores Speed of contraction Force of contraction Resistance to fatigue Aerobic capacity Anaerobic capacity

Muscle Fibre Types TASK Cut out/ print out pictures of different types of performers. Stick them in and under each picture make a prediction of the relative percentages of the three types of muscle fibre in specific skeletal muscles. Justify your answer by using your knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of muscle fibres. Athlete Gender Muscle Slow Twitch % Fast Twitch % Sprinters M F Gastrocnemius 24% 27% 76% 73% Distance runners 79% 69% 21% 31%