Pavement Preservation Philosophy utilizing Pavement Management Systems

About the size of State of New Jersey Nationally 11th largest County Riverside County has 7,300 square miles and is the 4th largest County in California About the size of State of New Jersey Nationally 11th largest County 1990 Population: 1.5 Million Est. 2010 Population: 2.2 Million Est. 2018 Population: 2.5 Million Est. 2030 Population: >3 Million Projected 28 cities, 4 new since 2008

Riverside County maintains the following infrastructures: Over 2,200 miles of roadway 108 bridges 570 traffic signals 10 Maintenance Yards (Countywide) Approximately $200M in Annual Capital Budget

TOTAL MILES (COUNTYWIDE) FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION CENTERLINE MILES LANE MILES PCI Arterial 438 941 70 Collector 573 1,150 71 Residential/Local 948 1,882 74 Gravel/Dirt 248 490 - TOTAL 2,207 4,463   Overall PCI 72 (Goal is 75 or higher) The major roadway (arterial and collector) represents about 46% of the total roadway countywide and about 43% residential.

PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT Program – StreetSaver by MTC NEWLY PAVED Uses PCI NEWLY PAVED FAILED ROAD

DETERIORATION CURVE The pavement deterioration curve provides a graphical representation of the performance of the pavement. The curves vary based upon surface type and function classification. They are also categorized by pavement condition (Good, At risk, Poor, or Very poor) where thresholds are defined for different repair treatments along the deterioration path.

PAVEMENT INSPECTION Inspection every year on ¼ of road network Visual inspection by two-man crew Data collection using tablet device Automated evaluation GIS integration

DATA COLLECTION GPR – layer thickness FWD – structural condition Coring – structural section

PAVEMENT PRESERVATION Definition - a program employing a network level, long-term strategy by using an integrated, cost-effective set of practices that extend pavement life (FHWA). County’s Objective - Preserving roads already in good condition. spending taxpayer’s money in a cost-effective manner developing treatment methodologies based on pavement condition by using BMPs

BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Achieving a target PCI Seal Coat Treatment Chip Seal Slurry Seal Cape Seal Scrub Seal Microsurfacing Thin Overlays

SEAL COAT Chip/Seal Slurry/Cape/Scrub Seal/Micro 120+ miles per year RAP Chip Slurry/Cape/Scrub Seal/Micro 100+ miles per year Type 2 RAP Chip

OVERLAYS Hot mix asphalt Rubberized hot mix asphalt 15% RAP up to 2 inches thick surface course – no RAP Rubberized hot mix asphalt crumb rubber from scrap tires

RESURFACING/RECONSTRUCT Mill & Fill Full Reconstruction Recycling CIR (partial) FDR (full depth)

SEAL COAT PHOTOS

CIR PHOTOS

LESSONS LEARNED Slurry Seal Chip/Cape/Scrub Seal Measurement & Payment – by TON Full-time inspection Testing – WTAT, portable truck scale, dipstick Chip/Cape/Scrub Seal Separate line item for emulsion and aggregate Payment for emulsion by TON Payment for aggregate by SQYD

LESSONS LEARNED CIR/FDR Construction timing – Summer/Fall Longer cure time in cool weather Swell factor (10%) Tend to ravel if left uncovered for more than 3 days Apply fog seal to control raveling Cost effective for long straightaway roads with minimum road curves and utility valves

PMP EVALUATION CSU Chico – CP2 (Professor Ding Cheng) Objective of the Pavement Management Program (PMP) study Evaluate the County PMP software Evaluate the decision tree – treatment types and costs Evaluate various budget scenarios and PCI goals to help dictate the allocation options for pavement preservation and rehabilitation Provide recommendations and cost effectiveness measures for improving the County PMP

DECISION TREE WITH LCC  

BUDGET SCENARIOS Three time periods (5, 10, and 20-year) were analyzed with various budget scenarios to determine the most effective approach to improve the average network PCI. For this presentation, the 5-yr and 10-yr scenarios with the SB1 funding will be covered.

DETERMINATION FACTORS The various budget scenarios were evaluated based on 4 factors: Network PCI Deferred Maintenance Cost Average Remaining Life Total Overall Cost The study focused on these 4 factors in evaluating the best budget scenarios that would provide the lowest amount of deferred maintenance cost while maintaining or improving the network average PCI.

5-YEAR SCENARIO This graph shows the 5-yr trend of deferred maintenance cost and the network PCI based on the percent preventive maintenance. For this scenario, it can be seen that at 30% PM, the deferred maintenance is at its lowest (which is the desired criterion) while maintaining or holding the PCI at 75. This leads to the conclusion that the best preventive maintenance for this scenario is 30%.

5-YEAR SCENARIO 2018 condition 2022 condition Very good 3487 Good (Non- load) 534 Good (Load) 339 Poor 464 Very Poor 223 Very good 4071 Good (Non- load) 374 Good (Load) 47 Poor 144 Very Poor 420 Displayed is a product of the GIS Reporting tool for the 5-yr scenario with 4% inflation and the most favorable result of this scenario. The image on the left is 2018’s report and the image to the right is the scenarios projection in 2022. There is a decrease in the poor and very poor conditions from 2018 to 2022, and an increase in the very good conditions. Green is for very good conditions and red is for the very poor conditions.

10-YEAR SCENARIO This graph shows the 10-yr trend of deferred maintenance cost and the network PCI based on the percent preventive maintenance. What’s not shown in this graph is the deferred maintenance line at 10 and 15% PM and their corresponding PCI. At those 2 PMs, the PCIs are at 77 with a negative slope or trending downward. For this scenario, 20% PM is the best budget scenario because it has highest network average PCI of 77 and lowest deferred maintenance costs out of cases run.

10-YEAR SCENARIO 2018 condition 2027 condition Very Good 3524 Good (Non-Load) 531 Good (Load) 332 Poor 436 Very Poor 231 The difference between 2018 and 2027 is noticeable, as it did reach a PCI of 77 on the projection table. Very Good 4376 Good (Non-Load) 455 Good (Load) 82 Poor Very Poor 141

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS SB 1 funding with 30% PM and 4% inflation has increased the PCI to 75 for the 5-year scenario. SB 1 funding with 20% PM and 4% inflation has increased the PCI to 77 for the 10-year scenario.

RECOMMENDATIONS Continually update the costs and service life for each treatment in the decision tree. A life cycle cost analysis should be used to select proper treatments for future decision tree update. A balance of preservation and rehab or reconstruction should be utilized to improve the County’s pavement conditions. Keys to achieve the desired PCI include the following: Optimize percentages for PM and Rehab (use lowest deferred maintenance cost) Use innovative treatments that can improve life cycle cost

QUESTIONS? Mojahed Salama – Deputy Director of Transportation E-mail: msalama@rivco.org Phone: (951) 955-6740 Elmer Datuin – Materials Engineer/Lab Manager E-mail: edatuin@rivco.org Phone: (951) 955-6762