Cycles in Earth Systems

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Presentation transcript:

Cycles in Earth Systems

Cycles in Earth Systems Cycle – a group of processes that happen over and over and eventually lead back to the starting point. Matter and energy are moved through reservoirs (temporary storage place).

Cycles in Earth Systems Many elements on Earth cycle between reservoirs. Nitrogen Phosphorus Carbon

Carbon Cycle Carbon (C) is the basis of all life. Carbon moves through all 4 spheres on Earth. It is found in the atmosphere, rocks and the ocean.

Carbon Cycle Short term cycle: Photosynthesis! Plants convert CO2 (from air) to food (sugar) Organisms eat plants and release carbon back into the air and ground (wastes)

Carbon Cycle Long term cycle – Fossil Fuels Over millions of years carbon is buried and becomes fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas). Humans burn fossil fuels returning the carbon back into the environment.

Carbon Returned to Atmosphere by… Carbon can be returned to the atmosphere through… DECOMPOSERS Bacteria and fungi that break down dead organisms RESPIRATION Humans breathe in oxygen and release carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) COMBUSTION Burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, coal)

Carbon Cycle

Carbon Cycle http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/carboncycle/

Nitrogen Cycle Organisms use Nitrogen (N) to build proteins, which build cells. Organisms cannot use the atmospheric form of Nitrogen (N2)! It needs to be altered or “fixed”. This process is called nitrogen fixation.

Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen is removed from the air by nitrogen-fixing bacteria which live in the soil and roots. These bacteria chemically change Nitrogen from air into nitrogen compounds. Ammonia is an example

Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen Cycle http://www.brainpop.com/science/earthsystem/nitrogencycle/