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Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis SWBAT: Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis in terms of the number of chromosomes in the resulting cells, and its effect on genetic variation. EQ: How does the sorting and recombination of genes result in genetic variation?

Definition Meiosis Mitosis Nuclear division to create gametes (sex cells) Nuclear division that divides somatic (body) cells

Function Meiosis Mitosis Growth Repair Development Produce gametes in sexually reproductive organisms

Type of Reproduction Meiosis Mitosis Sexual reproduction – Asexual- Two parents Offspring are genetically unique Asexual- One parent daughter cells are genetically identical

Occurs in what type of Cell Meiosis Mitosis Gametes (sex cells) Somatic cells (body cells)

Genetically Identical? Mitosis Meiosis genetically unique to parent Due to crossing over and independent assortment genetically identical to parent

Crossing-over? Chromosomes intertwine and swap pieces Meiosis Mitosis Crossing over occurs during prophase I Crossing-over does not occur

Pairing of Homologous Chromosomes pair during Meiosis I (prophase I) Mitosis Chromosomes pair during Meiosis I (prophase I) Do not pair

Rounds of division Two rounds of division One round of division Meiosis Mitosis Two rounds of division One round of division

# of daughter cells and chromosomes Meiosis Mitosis 2 diploid cells (2 sets of DNA) 46 chromosomes 4 haploid cells (1 set of DNA) 23 chromosomes

Stages Involved Interphase Interphase I Meiosis I Prophase Metaphase Mitosis Interphase I Meiosis I Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Meiosis II Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Each round of division ends with cytokinesis!

Cytokinesis occurs and produces… Meiosis Mitosis Two rounds create 4 haploid gametes One round create 2 diploid somatic cells

Cytokinesis is involved Ends with 2 cells that have 46 chromosomes Homologous pairs separate first Makes somatic cells Makes gametes Starts with one cell Ends cells are identical to the original cell Starts with interphase Sister chromatids separate first Produces haploid cells DNA is replicated Cytokinesis is involved Produces diploid cells Ends with 4 cells Ends with 2 cells Ends with 2 cells that have 23 chromosomes

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis: Pencil Talk Collaborate WITHOUT Writing: Place your writing utensil in the cup on your desk. Discuss the answers to the questions on the comparing mitosis and meiosis handout. Individually Answer WITHOUT Talking When time is up, you may pick up your writing utensil and complete the handout.

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis? A. two stages of cell division B. replication of cellular genetic material C. daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell D. four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell

Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population? A. Parthenogenesis B. asexual reproduction C. Sexual reproduction D. Vegetative reproduction

The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?  A. mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered B. segregation of sister chromatids C. condensation and segregation of alleles D. crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged

The diagram shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms The diagram shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this process?  A. meiosis B. mitosis C. endocytosis D. phagocytosis