CONDITIONAL FACTORS OF SOCIAL QUALITY SOCIAL INCLUSION Alan Walker Professor of Social Policy and Social Gerontology University of Sheffield UK Second Asian Conference on Social Quality Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences National Taiwan University 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION - A SOCIAL QUALITY PERSPECTIVE SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION OPERATIONALISING SOCIAL INCLUSION Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL INCLUSION - A SOCIAL QUALITY PERSPECTIVE Citizenship as participation The role of differentiation A complexity of sub-systems and relationships The centrality of integration Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL INCLUSION Social Cohesion and Social Inclusion Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL INCLUSION - A SOCIAL QUALITY PERSPECTIVE Citizenship as participation The role of differentiation A complexity of sub-systems and relationships The centrality of integration Definition and nature of social inclusion Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

DEFINITION OF SOCIAL INCLUSION The degree to which people are and feel integrated in the different relationships, organisations, sub-systems and structures that constitute everyday life. Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

NATURE OF SOCIAL INCLUSION Dynamic processes Comprehensive Multi-layered Objective and Subjective Ideologically contested Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION Relationship with poverty Inclusion vs Exclusion Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION Social exclusion is a broader concept than poverty, encompassing not only low material means but the inability to participate effectively in economic, social, political, and cultural life, and, in some characterisations, alienation and distance from the mainstream of society. Duffy (1995) Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION A dynamic process of being shut out, fully or partially, from any of the social, economic, political or cultural systems which determine the social integration of a person in society. Walker and Walker (1997) Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION People are considered to be socially excluded if they: are prevented from participating fully in economic, social and civil life and/or when their access to income and other resources (personal, family and cultural) is so inadequate as to exclude them from enjoying a standard of living that is regarded as acceptable by the society in which they live Gallie and Paugam (2002) Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION An individual is socially excluded if he or she does not participate to a reasonable degree over time in certain activities of his or her society, and (a) this is for reasons beyond his or her control, and (b) he or she would like to participate. Burchardt (2000) Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

INCLUSION VS EXCLUSION Not a simple obverse relationship Built on agentic aspiration Poractive vs reactive Citizenship vs commodification Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

OPERATIONALISING SOCIAL INCLUSION Subject matter: social inclusion Specificity: integration in multiple systems and sub-systems Mutual focus: self-realisation and collective identities Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

DOMAINS AND SUB-DOMAINS Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SUB-DOMAINS AND INDICATORS Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION - A SOCIAL QUALITY PERSPECTIVE SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND INCLUSION OPERATIONALISING SOCIAL INCLUSION CONCLUSION Alan Walker, Second Asian Conference on Social Quality, Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University, 28-29th March 2007

Globalisation and Welfare Reform East and West CONDITIONAL FACTORS OF SOCIAL QUALITY SOCIAL INCLUSION THE END Thank You 謝謝