COLONIAL LIFE IN 17TH CENTURY

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Presentation transcript:

COLONIAL LIFE IN 17TH CENTURY

CHESAPEAKE Lifespan of people? Immigration? Weak families-sign? 1/3 of brides pregnant Bad climate for humans but good climate for? Labor? Indentured servants Headright system

BACON’S REBELLION VIRGINIA Tidewater v. Frontier (Piedmont) Unfair Taxes Native Americans The Rebellion Nathaniel Bacon Attack on Governor and Jamestown Bacon Dies-rebellion ends 22 hanged

BACON’S REBELLION (VIRGINIA) RESULTS Movement from indentured servants to slavery Natives move further west First popular uprising in the colonies Hint of Revolution

COLONIAL SLAVERY 10 million African slaves brought to new world 400,000 in North America 1680s Change in attitude toward slavery Rising wages in England-no indentured servants Plantation owners fearful of uprising 1698-Royal African Co. lost monopoly on the slave trade By 1750-Africans nearly half the population of VA and in SC outnumbered whites 2 to 1

COLONIAL SLAVERY Known as the “Triangle Trade” Africa-slaves Colonies-rum (Africa); lumber & food (W. Indies) West Indies-sugar Most slaves from West Africa Captured, bound, put on ships “Middle Passage”-death rate 20%

MIDDLE PASSAGE

SLAVE CODES Definition of slave Considered property rather than persons Testimony in court inadmissible against whites Could not own property or make contracts Could not strike a white person Could not be away from their owner’s premises without permission Could not assemble unless a white person was present Could not be taught to read or write Not permitted to marry Offenders were subject to severe punishment including whipping, branding, imprisonment, and death

SOUTHERN COLONIES Class structure Few cities Agriculture economy Top-small group of large planters; held all power Middle-small planters Bottom-landless whites; indentured servants “Basement”-Slaves Few cities Agriculture economy Used water as source of transportation

NEW ENGLAND Centered on family Women died younger than men-why? Small Villages Towns built with purpose Town hall and church in center, surrounded by homes and businesses, farmland on outskirts Education very important-for what? Colleges for ministry 1636-first American University-Harvard

NEW ENGLAND Town meetings-democratic Economy based on industry Shipbuilding and fishing Religion prominent in society New name? Congregational Church 2nd generation not as religious-led to? Half-way Covenant More interested in money, then “elect”

SALEM WITCH TRIALS (MASSACHUSETTS) Started by teenage girls-accused women, men, animals of being witches 141 indicted Confessions 19 hanged-also 2 dogs 1 man “pressed” to death Ended by Governor when wife accused

SALEM WITCH TRIALS (MASSACHUSETTS) Why did it go so far? 1. Superstition 2. Power to women 3. Social Conditions 4. Mushrooms & lead 5. Mass hysteria

NEW ENGLAND Problems with Native Americans 1636-Pequot War 1643-four colonies form “Puritan Club” New England Confederation Reason? Salutary Neglect Purpose-defense Each colony-two votes First Attempt at colonial unity First Success-1675-”King Philip’s” War

DOMINION OF NEW ENGLAND Includes all New England colonies; later includes New York and New Jersey Navigation Laws to end trading-promotes smuggling Head of Dominion-Sir Edmund Andros Headquarters-Boston No town meetings; restrictions on courts, press, schools; revokes land titles; no assembly; heavy taxes

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION 1688-King James II kicked out of England; replaced by William and Mary (James’ daughter) Ended Dominion 1691-Massachusetts combined-royal colony

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