Endocrine System Biology 12
Jokes of the day:
Endocrine System and the nervous system often work together to bring about homeostasis The division between the nervous and endocrine systems occurs in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland through nerve stimulation. The pituitary gland regulates the endocrine glands through secretion of chemicals which can also affect the nerve activity of the hypothalamus. Homeostasis
is the system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate the body. Endocrine System
Endocrine Glands Endocrine glands Ductless organs that secrete their molecules directly into the bloodstream All endocrine cells are located within highly vascularised areas to ensure that their products enter the bloodstream immediately Note: Exocrine glands discharge their secretions into ducts that carry them where they are used (ex. glands of the digestive system). Endocrine Glands
The glands
this is the “master Gland” which controls other endocrine glands associated with hormones Anterior lobe TSH: thyroid stimulating hormone, regulates cell metabolism FSH: follicle stimulating hormone, stimulates follicle and sperm development LH: luteinizing hormone, stimulates ovulation and production of testosterone GH: growth hormone (somatotrophin STH), promotes growth ACTH: adrenocortictropic hormone, stimulates release of hormones involved in stress response. PRL: prolactin, stimulates milk production in lactating females. Posterior lobe oxytocin: stimulates contraction of muscles in the uterus, triggers milk release ADH: antidiruretic hormone ( increases reabsorption of water) vasopressin: helps maintain the body’s water balance/blood pressure. Pituitary gland
controls the release of hormones from the pituitary and is a major link between nervous and endocrine systems. TSH is associated with this gland. 2. Hypothalamus gland
affects sexual development and biorhythms 3. Pineal Gland
4. Thyroid Gland influences the metabolic rate it is associated with the hormone thyroxine 4. Thyroid Gland
controls the blood calcium in the neck area 5. Parathyroid Glands
aids in immunity, it is the organ in which the lymphocytes mature (T cells) 7. Thymus Gland
production of hormones that regulate the level of sugar in the blood. If blood sugar is high it produces Insulin to reduce sugar level. When blood sugar is low glucagon is produced. 8. Pancreas
9. Adrenal Gland located on top of the kidneys. adrenalin – helps to cope with stress, converts glycogen to glucose. cortisone – prevents inflammation and increases the level of sugar in the blood. 9. Adrenal Gland
10. Testis production of male sex hormone (testosterone) causes secondary sex characteristics, stimulates sperm production 10. Testis
11. Ovaries production of female sex hormones estrogen: development of secondary sex characteristics, prepares uterus for pregnancy. progesterone: maintains the uterus during pregnancy 11. Ovaries
To do : Read Chapter 8 Page 377 #1, 2 Page 383 #1 Page 387 #1 – 4, 6