data backup & system report DATABASE DESIGN & DEVELOPMENT data backup & system report Zatil Ridh'wah Hj Darot

data backup & recovery The process of backing up data in case of a loss and setting up systems that allow that data recovery due to data loss. Backing up data ________________________ , so that it is accessible in case of data deletion or corruption. Data from an earlier time may only be recovered if it has been backed up. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24058/backup-and-recovery

main types of backup 1. Normal or Full Backups When a normal or full backup runs on a selected drive, all the files on that drive are backed up. This, of course, includes system files, application files, user data — everything. Those files are then copied to the selected destination (backup tapes, a secondary drive or the cloud), and all the archive bits are then cleared. Normal backups are the ___________________________ because all the data on a drive is saved in one location. The downside of normal backups is that they take a very long time to run, and in some cases this is more time than a company can allow. Drives that hold a lot of data may not be capable of a full backup, even if they run overnight. In these cases, incremental and differential backups can be added to the backup schedule to save time. https://www.solarwindsmsp.com/content/types-of-database-backups

2. Incremental Backups A common way to deal with the long running times required for full backups is to run them only on weekends. Many businesses then run incremental backups throughout the week since they take far less time. An incremental backup will grab only the files that have been updated since the last normal backup. Once the incremental backup has run, that file will not be backed up again unless it changes or during the next full backup. While incremental database backups do run faster, the recovery process is a bit more complicated. If the normal backup runs on Saturday and a file is then updated Monday morning, should something happen to that file on Tuesday, one would need to access the Monday night backup to restore it. For one file, that’s not too complicated. However, ___________________________________________________ plus each and every incremental backup run since the normal backup. https://www.solarwindsmsp.com/content/types-of-database-backups

3. Differential Backups Differential backups and recovery are similar to incremental in that these backups grab only ________________________________________ However, differential backups do not clear the archive bit. So a file that is updated after a normal backup will be archived every time a differential backup is run until the next normal backup runs and clears the archive bit. Similar to our last example, if a normal backup runs on Saturday night and a file gets changed on Monday, that file would then be backed up when the differential backup runs Monday night. Since the archive bit will not be cleared, even with no changes, that file will continue to be copied on the Tuesday night differential backup and the Wednesday night differential backup and every additional night until a normal backup runs again capturing all the drive’s files and resetting the archive bit. A restore of that file, if needed, could be found in the previous night’s tape. In the event of a complete drive failure, one would need to restore the last normal backup and only the latest differential backup. This is less time consuming than an incremental backup restore. However, each night that a differential backup runs, the backup files get larger and the time it takes to run the backup lengthens. https://www.solarwindsmsp.com/content/types-of-database-backups

4. Daily Backups Less common form of backup which usually saved for mission-critical files. If files that are _______________________________ for the nightly backup to run and capture them, daily backups are the best choice. This type of backup uses the file’s timestamp, not the archive bit, to update the file once changes are made. This type of database backup runs during business hours, and having too many of these files can impact network speeds. https://www.solarwindsmsp.com/content/types-of-database-backups

SYSTEM REPORTS

reports A Report is an Access Object that is used to create a printed version of output from the database. It is an organized document that allows a user to _________________________. The data in the report can consist of data from a single table or multiple tables and/or queries. Reports can be viewed on screen but you cannot enter/edit data through a report.

The quickest way to create a report is to use the Report Wizard. What does it do? It allows you to display data from tables and/or queries in an appealing way (according to your specifications) It is used to display formatted data often in printed form including calculations and totals Why use reports? To professionally ___________________________ from tables and queries A report can calculate subtotals, averages, counts or other statistics for groups or records It is a useful tool in communicating information and is usually in printed form to be distributed.

dashboard Dashboards are data visualization tools that can be customized and tailored to display specific metrics, data, and KPIs. Usually, these tools are dynamic and live, so data is being updated in real-time and visuals can show changes from minute to minute. Additionally, dashboards can be as narrow or broad as needed, letting organizations create multiple specific dashboards to better organize their analytics. https://www.sisense.com/blog/dashboards-vs-reports-need/

reSOURCE Database Principles: Fundamentals of Design, Implementation, and Management Tenth Edition