The Final Solution Holocaust 1940 - 1945 Lecture # 4 Standard 10.8.6

Standard 10.8.6 Discuss the human costs of the war, with particular attention to the civilian and military losses in Russia, Germany, Britain, the United States, China, and Japan. Essential Question: What was the Final Solution and what was its impact on the Jews?

From the Ghettos… Nazi’s tricked the Jews Relocated to a bigger, better place Transported them in cattle cars Nazi’s brainwashed w/ Anti-Semitic propaganda Naked, dirty & half starved people looked like animals, reinforced Nazi propaganda Training= Set fire to a pit full of live victims–usually children

Not just the Jews… The Nazis believed that Jews, Gypsies, Polish, homosexuals, communist, the insane, the disabled, and the incurably ill had to be eliminated. Camp selection= on arrival Special treatment~ Women, children, the old & the sick (death immediately) Work~ Men, boys (till death) Those who were not killed by the SS units would be rounded up and taken to concentration camps or slave labor camps.

Once I really am in power, my first and foremost task will be the annihilation of the Jews. As soon as I have the power to do so, I will have gallows built in rows – at the Marienplatz in Munich, for example – as many as traffic allows. Then the Jews will be hanged indiscriminately, and they will remain hanging until they stink; they will hang there as long as the principles of hygiene permit. As soon as they have been untied, the next batch will be strung up, and so on down the line, until the last Jew in Munich has been exterminated. Other cities will follow suit, precisely in this fashion, until all Germany has been completely cleansed of Jews.

How the Camps Ran… Extermination camps with gas chambers 1st 6 death camps (Poland) Sonderkommando Jews that helped with the killing process (disposing of the corpses)

Nazi experiments Dr. Joseph Mengele~ Angel of death Freezing / Hypothermia Genetic Experiments The twins, dwarfs, and unique physical specimens Sterilization Dr. Joseph Mengele~ Angel of death

Death Camps The work of the Einsatzgruppen

What does this look like? Entrance to Auschwitz Notice how it resembles a train station entrance What does this look like?

The Gas Chambers & Ovens hydrogen cyanide Disguised as showers 2000 people at once

Dead bodies waiting to be processed Shoes of Victims

Warsaw Camp Not all Jews went quietly into the gas chambers. In 1943, the Warsaw Ghetto revolted when they realized what was really happening but the Nazis ended the revolt quickly

Destruction Through Work 200 calories a day

Destruction Through Work 6 weeks later

Liberation Soviet Troops are the first to liberate camps followed shortly by the U.S. After WWII, the country of Israel was created for the Jewish population

How many killed? 11 Million total people were killed during the Holocaust 6 million Jews 5 million others (Gypsies, Polish, homosexuals, communist, the insane, the disabled, and the incurably ill)

Jews Killed Under Nazi Rule % surviving population Killed 3,300,00 300,000 10% 2,850,000 1,252,000 56% 240,000 200,000 650,000 450,000 30% 600,000 50% Poland USSR Germany Hungary Romania