The Science of Biology Chapter 1 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for reproduction or display Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hill Companies

Five Basic Characteristics of living things 1. Life is ____________: What is Life? Five Basic Characteristics of living things 1. Life is ____________: Atoms, molecules Cells Tissues, organs Populations, community Ecosystem, biosphere Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hill Companies

What is Life? Five Basic Characteristics (continued) 2. _____________ is required Photosynthesis, respiration 3. Living things ____________________ Homeostasis 4. Living things __________________ 5. ____________________

_______________ Reasoning The Nature of Science _______________ Reasoning General principles used to predict specific results. Arriving at a conclusion based on observations. Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hill Companies

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution In Darwin’s time, most people believed species ___________________ over time Darwin argued species change due to _______________________________ Served as naturalist on mapping expedition around coast of South America.

H.M.S. Beagle Voyage Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission Required for reproduction or display

Inventing the Theory of Natural Selection Darwin studied the work of _______________ ______________: Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology talked about the age of the earth being ____________________________ Most people believed earth to be only thousands of years old

Inventing the Theory of Natural Selection Thomas Malthus’s Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) Populations grow ____________ but resources grow ___________________. Organisms have the potential to produce more offspring than can survive Limited by _____________________

Darwin’s Evidence Darwin observed characteristics of similar species varied from ___________________ _______________________. Geographical patterns suggested lineages gradually change as species _____________. Animals and plants on relatively young islands closely _____________ those on nearby South American coast.

Inventing the Theory of Natural Selection Darwin made the association that individuals that possess certain characteristics are __________________________________ than those that do not possess those characteristics. ________________ characteristics are passed on to offspring. Over time, frequency of the favorable characteristics increases in the population.

Inventing the Theory of Natural Selection Darwin knew animal breeders _____________ certain varieties to produce certain characteristics (artificial selection). Noted character differences appeared to be greater than those in wild populations. Suggested evolutionary changes could occur in ________________________ as well. Natural Selection

Inventing the Theory of Natural Selection Darwin’s Timeline Original draft of The Origin of Species finished in ___________. Shelved for 16 years. Alfred Wallace sent manuscript with similar ideas to Darwin in 1858. The Origin of Species released in November ____________.

Evolution After Darwin: More Evidence Fossil Record- shows organisms have ____________ Age of the Earth- shows Earth is quite _______________ Mechanisms of Heredity- DNA shows ______________ among living things Comparative Anatomy- shows __________________ Molecular Biology- shows _______________ Development Patterns- shows _________________

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Companies Permission required for reproduction or display Raven - Johnson - Biology: 6th Ed. - All Rights Reserved - McGraw Hill Companies