U.S. and Virginia History

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Presentation transcript:

U.S. and Virginia History Westward Expansion: 1865-1890 U.S. and Virginia History

Key Factors That Moved People Westward Poor people (white and black) in the South Many Southerners had very few economic prospects in the South after the Civil War Homestead Act of 1862 Lincoln wanted to encourage Americans to move out West Pay the $10 fee and you were awarded 160 acres of land in the Western Territories Anyone who hadn’t fought against the Union was eligible, including women, blacks, and immigrants

Farming in the Great Plains New technology, such as the railroad and the mechanical reaper, allowed farming to expand across the Great Plains at a rapid rate Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical reaper allowed for fields to be plowed and crops collected much quicker, particularly crops like wheat and barley The railroad allowed for crops to be sent back East much quicker

The Era of the Cowboy The large demand for beef led to a demand for certain workers to “drive” the cattle (typically from Texas) up to major railways in Nebraska and Kansas – enter the Cowboy This Open Range system essentially allowed cowboys to bring the cattle up through large farms, enabling the cattle to typically go where they pleased Barbed wire and decreased beef demand destroyed the need for cowboys The heyday of the cowboy will last only about 20 years

Destroying a Way of Life Whites hunters will slaughter 30 million buffalo over the course of a decade, decimating the Plains Indians way of life

Chinooks Pueblos Sioux

Map 13 of 45

Native Indian Resistance Many Indian tribes decide to resist continued invasion from White settlers Tribes such as the Sioux lead wars against the U.S. military Battle of Little Bighorn – George Custer and his men are beaten by 7,000 Sioux warriors Custer and all of his men are killed, around 220 cavalrymen Indian Wars will end in 1890 at the Massacre at Wounded Knee Creek – U.S. soldiers slaughter men, women, and children – Indians moved to reservations

Sitting Bull Crazy Horse Sioux Leaders

Little Bighorn

Little Bighorn

Little Bighorn

Little Bighorn

Memorial-Little Bighorn