THE STUDY OF SOLAR-WIND HYBRID SYSTEM PH301 RENEWABLE ENERGY ELVIN RITESH LAL S11040976

AIM Design solar-wind hybrid system for four flat house(2 x 2 bedroom, 2 x 3 bedroom) Determination of capital cost and compare price of FEA Understanding the working of hybrid system

INTRODUCTION Hybrid power system – combination of two or more energy conversion device integrated to overcome the limitations that may inherent in either. System efficiency of hybrid system > individual technology. Hybrid approach overcomes the problem of lack of wind or sunlight. Solar wind hybrid system offers more reliable approach to year round electricity production. www1.eere.energy.gov/.../residential/wind.html

ADVANTAGES OF HYBRID SYSTEM Environmental protection – reduction of CO2 Low cost – compared with nuclear coal and gas, possibly, considering future cost trends for fossil and nuclear energy Diversity and security of supply Rapid development – quick to install Predictable cost - not influenced by fuel fluctuation

BASIC PRINCIPALS USED IN DESIGNING THE SYSTEM Location chosen Data obtained Load calculated Data analyzed and input to HOMER

FACTORS AFFECTING OUTPUT SOLAR PANELS Standard Temperature Conditions (STC) Temperature Dirt and Dust Mismatch and Wiring loss DC to AC conversion

SITE LOCATION Northern boundary -18 Western Boundary Center Eastern Boundary 178 179 Latitude -18.145 Longitude 178.448 Southern Boundary -19

PLAN

RESULTS DAILY LOAD CALCULATION CONDITIONS DC bus voltage +48 V Inverter losses 20 % Battery losses 16.5% Cabling losses 2.5 %

Appliances. Number of appliance. Power demand (W) Av. daily Duty Appliances Number of appliance Power demand (W) Av.daily Duty cycle (h/day) Fluorescent lights (2ft) 36 18 4 Fluorescent lights (4ft) 12 20 4 Light bulb 8 60 3 Ceiling fan 16 75 5 Ceiling exhaust fan 8 110 3 Television 4 250 6 Refrigerator 4 265 24 Iron 4 1100 0.5 Radio-stereo 4 110 10 Vacuum cleaner 4 700 0.5 Computer 4 360 10 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ TOTAL 3068

Seasonal load profile

RESOURCE ASSESMENT ANALYSIS Monthly Average Daily Air Temperatures at the Site Monthly average Isolation on a horizontal surface (kWh/m2/day)

Graph of solar radiation and solar index Hourly solar data for site entered and Homer calculated clearness index

Screenshot-global horizontal solar radiation daily profile

Wind potential and mean wind speed Wind speed varies with the height, thus speed at the hub of turbine differs extrapolation of wind speed at required heights Monthly average wind speed at different heights

HOMER – software simulation output The search space shows a list of different components sizes used by homer for analysis, different configuration of pv array and generic 10kW turbine

PV input to the system Solar panel price 0.125kW - $2000 (CBS powersolution) Life time of 20 years Different sizes were taken into consideration Cost curve obtained

Wind resource input Wind data provided to HOMER HOMER calculated and estimated the annual wind speed

Optimized configration HOMER-output Homer carried more than 150 simulation and provided the best system design as shown. Optimized configration Homer output consists of ; peak power rating of PV module, number of turbines (generic 10kW), number of batteries, converter size, COE, capacity shortage .

PV property DC wind turbine-Generic 10kW

Monthly average Electric Production Estimated Annual Energy Produced by Hybrid Excess and Unmet load of the Hybrid System

PV output Transient output from PV module shows max power produced is 100W though its 120W module

Generic 10kW output

battery Battery stays fully charged most of the year However, during months of low production from hybrid the SOC raches 30% Depth of charge for lead acid battery can be 80% and 20% charge remaining. Monthly statistic of percentage SOC

Battery properties

converter System uses 10kW converter with max load of 9.9 kW Energy in 22,622 kWh/year Energy out 20360 kW/hr Total loss of energy by converter is 2,262 graph of inverter output

Cost analysis Net present cost estimated by homer is $443,446 Levelized cost of energy is $1.704 / kWh Operating cost $19,435

Net present cost Annualized cost

conclusion COE = total life time / (life time of system x annual energy production) Cost of energy of hybrid system = $1.704 FEA = $0.2059 The difference in the price suggests that its not economically practical to use solar hybrid system. But keeping in mind the remote locations, smaller islands of Fiji who do not have access to grid and due to high cost of energy, it might be given as an alternative FEA’s increasing fuel and surcharge

THE END