IL-13 desensitizes β2-adrenergic receptors in human airway epithelial cells through a 15-lipoxygenase/G protein receptor kinase 2 mechanism Giusy D.

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Presentation transcript:

IL-13 desensitizes β2-adrenergic receptors in human airway epithelial cells through a 15-lipoxygenase/G protein receptor kinase 2 mechanism Giusy D. Albano, PhD, Jinming Zhao, PhD, Emily B. Etling, BS, Seo Young Park, PhD, Haizhen Hu, BS, John B. Trudeau, BS, Mirella Profita, PhD, Sally E. Wenzel, MD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 135, Issue 5, Pages 1144-1153.e9 (May 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006 Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 IL-13 pretreatment decreases cAMP release in response to isoproterenol stimulation. ALI-cultured primary bronchial airway epithelial cells were pretreated with either ISO (30 minutes) or IL-13 (48 hours), followed by stimulation with ISO for 10 minutes. Cells were harvested for cAMP levels by means of ELISA. A, ISO stimulation for 10 minutes induced high cAMP levels (415 ± 84 [SEM]nM), which were inhibited by ISO (30 minutes) pretreatment (350 ± 77 [SEM]nM). B, IL-13 pretreatment for 48 hours inhibited cAMP release induced by ISO for 10 minutes alone (267 ± 76 [SEM]nM). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 IL-13 and ISO induce β2AR and GRK2 phosphorylation in primary human bronchial airway epithelial cells. ALI-cultured bronchial airway epithelial cells were stimulated with ISO (30 minutes) or IL-13 (48 hours). Total protein was harvested for β2AR and GRK2 phosphorylation by means of Western blotting and densitometric analysis. A, Both IL-13 (1.06 ± 0.13) and ISO (1.01 ± 0.13) significantly increased β2AR phosphorylation compared with medium alone (0.75 ± 0.11). B, Both IL-13 (0.88 ± 0.27) and ISO (0.69 ± 0.16) significantly increased GRK2 phosphorylation compared with medium alone (0.39 ± 0.08). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 IL-13 suppresses GRK2 binding to PEBP1 and enhances 15LO1 binding to PEBP1 in response to ISO in vitro. Bronchial airway epithelial cells in the presence or absence of IL-13 (48 hours) were stimulated with ISO for 10 minutes. Total protein was harvested for Western blotting (WB)/IP. Cells were also fixed for IF staining. A, GRK2 bound with PEBP1 in response to ISO, whereas pretreatment with IL-13 markedly decreased binding of GRK2 to PEBP1 and increased 15LO1 binding to PEBP1. B, Densitometric analysis of Western blotting/IP. C, Confocal analysis showing that ISO treatment increased the colocalization (yellow) of GRK2 (green) with PEBP1 (red) compared with control values. This colocalization was less in the presence of IL-13. In contrast, 15LO1 (green) was highly expressed and colocalized/bound (yellow) to PEBP1 in the presence of IL-13 and not affected by ISO. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 ALOX15 siRNA knockdown of 15LO1 expression restored ISO-induced cAMP generation in bronchial airway epithelial cells. ALI-cultured cells transfected with ALOX15 siRNA or scrambled siRNA were stimulated with IL-13 for 48 hours plus ISO for 10 minutes. Total protein was harvested for Western blotting and ELISA analysis. Data are presented as means of duplicates. A, ALOX15 siRNA knocked down 15LO1 protein and decreased β2AR phosphorylation induced by IL-13/ISO stimulation. B, ALOX15 siRNA knockdown restored ISO (10 minutes)–induced cAMP generation in cells treated with IL-13 for 48 hours (244 ± 102 [SEM]nM) compared with scrambled siRNA (196 ± 91 [SEM]nM). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 β2AR and GRK2 phosphorylation positively correlate with 15LO1 expression in HAECs ex vivo. A, Total protein from freshly brushed airway epithelial cells was harvested, and pβ2AR and pGRK2 levels were measured by means of Western blotting. Densitometric analysis was performed. pβ2AR, pGRK2, and 15LO1 were normalized to GAPDH and reported as arbitrary units. B, pβ2AR levels positively correlated with pGRK2 levels. C and D, pGRK2 (Fig 5, C) and pβ2AR (Fig 5, D) levels in the 15LO1 Hi group were higher compared with those in the 15LO1 Lo group. MA, Mild asthma/no ICS; MAC, mild-to-moderate asthma plus ICS; SA, severe asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 15LO1 binding to PEBP1 is associated with less GRK2 binding to PEBP1 in cells and tissue from asthmatic patients compared with those from healthy control subjects. Total protein from freshly brushed airway epithelial cells was harvested for Western blotting (WB)/IP analysis. Lung tissue from asthmatic patients and HCs was fixed for immunofluorescent confocal microscopy studies. A, Higher levels of 15LO1 binding to PEBP1 were associated with lower GRK2 binding in freshly brushed epithelial cells. B, Densitometric analysis of Western blotting/IP. C, Expression of 15LO1 and its colocalization with PEBP1 were higher in an asthmatic patient compared with values in the control donor lung. In contrast, GRK2 colocalization with PEBP1 in the airway epithelium was lower in the asthmatic patient compared with an HC. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E1 A, IL-13 and ISO induce β2AR phosphorylation in primary bronchial airway epithelial cells, as shown in these Western blots. ALI-cultured bronchial airway epithelial cells were stimulated with ISO (30 minutes) or IL-13 (48 hours). Total protein was harvested for β2AR phosphorylation detection by means of Western blotting, with GAPDH as the loading control (CTL). B, Representative Western blots of phosphorylated and total β2AR. C, Representative Western blots of cell fractions using GAPDH and epidermal growth factor receptor as loading controls. Cyto, Cytoplasmic; Mem, membranous. D, Both IL-13 and ISO significantly increased β2AR phosphorylation compared with medium alone. E, No effect of IL-13 or ISO on total β2AR protein expression. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E2 IL-13 and ISO induce GRK2 phosphorylation in primary bronchial airway epithelial cells. ALI-cultured bronchial airway epithelial cells were stimulated with ISO (30 minutes) or IL-13 (48 hours). Total protein was harvested for GRK2 phosphorylation detection by using Western blotting, with GAPDH as the loading control. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E3 IL-13 induced 15LO1 protein, which was not affected by ISO stimulation. ALI-cultured cells were stimulated with or without IL-13 for 48 hours or ISO for 30 minutes. A, Total protein was harvested for Western blotting. B, IL-13 induced 15LO1 protein expression (P = .013), whereas ISO (30 minutes) did not (P = .4). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E4 ALOX15 siRNA knockdown of 15LO1 expression restored ISO-induced cAMP generation in HAECs. ALI-cultured cells transfected with ALOX15 siRNA or scrambled siRNA were stimulated with IL-13 for 48 hours plus ISO for 10 minutes. Total protein was harvested for Western blotting and ELISA. Data are presented as means of duplicates. A and B, ALOX15 siRNA knocked down 15LO1 protein induced by IL-13/ISO stimulation (Western blotting and densitometry). C, ALOX15 siRNA knockdown restored ISO (10 minutes)–induced cAMP generation in cells treated with IL-13 for 48 hours compared with scrambled siRNA. D, No changes in total β2AR expression after ALOX15 siRNA transfection. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E5 No change in total GRK2 and β2AR protein expression in response to IL-13 and ISO stimulation in vitro and across subjects ex vivo. A, ALI-cultured bronchial airway epithelial cells were stimulated with ISO (30 minutes) or IL-13 (48 hours). Total protein was harvested and phosphorylated, and total GRK2 was measured using Western blotting, with GAPDH as the loading control. B, Total protein from freshly brushed airway epithelial cells was harvested, and total β2AR and GRK2 protein expression was measured using Western blotting with GAPDH as the loading control. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2015 135, 1144-1153.e9DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2015.02.006) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions