July 2017 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Suitability Evaluation of FEC Schemes] Date Submitted: [9 July, 2017] Source: [Joerg ROBERT] Company [Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuernberg] Address [Am Wolfsmantel 33, 91058 Erlangen, Germany] Voice:[+49 9131 8525373], FAX: [+49 9131 8525102], E-Mail:[joerg.robert@fau.de] Re: [] Abstract: [This document presents the suitability evaluation for different FEC schemes that may be used for LPWAN.] Purpose: [Presentation within IG LPWA] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Joerg ROBERT, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

Suitability Evaluation of FEC Schemes July 2017 Suitability Evaluation of FEC Schemes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 No FEC ( I / II ) Simple transmission of the data without forward error-correcting codes Pros Simple Cons Significant performance loss (> 10dB) wrt. theory Very inefficient for long packets Does not allow for long-range due to low performance Sensitive wrt. interference <author>, <company>

No FEC ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban July 2017 No FEC ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2xAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

Reed Solomon / BCH ( I / II ) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 Reed Solomon / BCH ( I / II ) Simple transmission of the data without forward error-correcting codes Pros Relatively Simple Acceptable performance with hard decision data Good performance in case of block errors Cons Significant performance loss wrt. theory Only limited block length available Limited performance in case of bit errors (e.g. AWGN channel) <author>, <company>

Reed Solomon / BCH ( II / II ) July 2017 Reed Solomon / BCH ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2xAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

Convolutional Code ( I / II ) <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 Convolutional Code ( I / II ) Encode the data using convolutional encoder, decoding typically based on Viterbi algorithm Pros Very simple encoding Acceptable decoding performance Good performance in case of bit errors (e.g. AWGN channel) Good performance in case of block errors with interleaver Cons Good performance (close to theoretical limits) only for short block length Requires soft-information for full performance <author>, <company>

Convolutional Code ( II / II ) July 2017 Convolutional Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2xAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 Turbo Code ( I / II ) Turbo Codes are based on concatenated convolutional codes with iterative decoding Pros Very simple encoding Good performance in case of bit errors (e.g. AWGN channel) Good performance in case of block errors with interleaver Cons High decoding complexity (only for use in powerful base-station) Requires soft-information for full performance Requires long block lengths for good performance <author>, <company>

Turbo Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural July 2017 Turbo Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2XAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 LDPC Code ( I / II ) Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) Code are based on block codes with spare code matrices Pros Acceptable encoding complexity Good performance in case of bit errors (e.g. AWGN channel) Cons High decoding complexity (only for use in powerful base-station) Requires soft-information for full performance Requires long block lengths for good performance Sensitive wrt. erasures/puncturing (e.g. in case of block fading) Normally fixed block length (inflexible) <author>, <company>

LDPC Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban July 2017 LDPC Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2XAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> <month year> doc.: IEEE 802.15-<doc#> July 2017 Polar Code ( I / II ) New code class for short codes that is currently discussed for 5G for protecting signaling information Pros Very good performance also in case of short block lengths Cons High decoding complexity as special decoder is required (only for use in powerful base-station) Requires soft-information for full performance IPR status unclear Optimized for short block length <author>, <company>

Polar Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural July 2017 Polar Code ( II / II ) Channel Model Indoor Outdoor Rural Outdoor Urban Interference Model Dense Medium Low None Active Interfering Users Very High High Medium Low Frequency Regulation ETSI FCC ETSI/FCC None Availability > 90% > 99% > 99.9% Power Supply CR 2025 2XAA Energy Harvesting External Cell Radius > 50km < 50km < 10km < 5km < 1km Node Velocity 3 km/h 30 km/h 120 km/h Data Length <= 16 bytes <= 64 bytes <= 256 bytes > 256 bytes Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg

Any Questions or Comments? July 2017 Any Questions or Comments? Joerg Robert, FAU Erlangen-Nuernberg