Discovering Cells CH 1, Section 1 Page 6 – 13

An Overview of Cells a. Cells are the __BASIC__ units of structure and function in living things. b. Cells form the parts of an organism and carry out __ALL__ of an organism’s processes, or functions. Brain Pop – Cells (3:16)

Cells and Structure a. The __STRUCTURE__ of an object is what it is __MADE__ of and __HOW__ its parts are put together. B. Cells and Function a. __FUNCTIONS__ are the processes that enable it to stay __ALIVE__ and __REPRODUCE__ b. Examples: getting __OXYGEN__, getting rid of __WASTE__, and __GROWING__ C. Many and Small a. Your skin contains more than __100,000__ cells

First Observations of Cells a. The invention of the __MICROSCOPE__ made it possible for people to __DISCOVER__ and __LEARN__ about cells. b. A __MICROSCOPE__ is an instrument that makes __SMALL__ objects look __LARGER__ c. A __SIMPLE__ microscope contains only __ONE__ lens Brain Pop – Microscopes (3:48)

Robert Hooke a. Hooke used his __MICROSCOPE__ to observe the structure of a thin slice of __CORK__ b. Hooke called the empty spaces __CELLS__, which means __SMALL ROOMS__

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek a. Leeuwenhoek looked at drops of __WATER__, scrapings from __TEETH__. b. He discovered a variety of __ONE-CELLED__ organisms. c. He called these moving organisms __ANIMALCULES__

Development of the Cell Theory A. Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow a. Schleiden concluded that __ALL__ plants are made of __CELLS__ b. Schwann said that all __ANIMALS__ are also made up of cells. c. __ALL__ living things are made up of __CELLS__ d. __NEW__ cells are formed __ONLY__ from cells that already exist. “__ALL__ cells come from __CELLS__.”

What the Cell Theory Says a. __CELL THEORY__ is a widely accepted explanation of the __RELATIONSHIP__ between __CELLS__ and __LIVING__ things b. __ALL__ living things are composed of cells c. Cells are the __BASIC__ units of __STRUCTURE__ and __FUNCTION__ in living things d. All cells are __PRODUCED__ from other cells Cell Theory – (3:32) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dscY_2QQbKU&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

Light &Electron Microscopes a. Microscopes must combine __TWO__ important properties - __MAGNIFICATION__ and __RESOLUTION__ A. Magnification and Lenses a. __MAGNIFICATION__ is the ability to make thinks look __LARGER__ than they are. b. A lens with the __CENTER__ thicker than the edge is called a __CONVEX__ lens.

Compound Microscope Magnification a. A __COMPOUND__ microscope uses more than one __LENS__ b. The __TOTAL__ magnification of the microscope is equal to the magnifications of the __2__ lenses __MULTIPLED__ together.

Resolution a. The __ABILITY__ to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object is called __RESOLUTION__ b. __RESOLUTION__ is another term for the __SHARPNESS__ of an image.

Electron Microscopes a. Electron microscopes use a __BEAM__ of __ELECTRONS__ instead of __LIGHT__ to produce a magnified image. b. __ELECTRON__ microscopes can obtain pictures of extremely __SMALL__ objects. Youtube – Microscope Song (4:04)