World Health Organization 18 February 2019 Decade of Action on Nutrition Ambitions and Action in Nutrition, Fisheries and Aquaculture Dr Nata Menabde Executive Director WHO Office at the UN Main ideas: Burden of diseases, see nutrition-related and fish-specific Fish, in particular, play larger role in healthy of populations How fish play a role, generally However, this vital source of nutrients is at risk due to unsustainable fishing practices The ICN2 addressed this and set forth resolutions in Framework for Action UN Decade of Action calls upon countries to address these issues head-on with action networks That is what’s being done today, with creation of action network

Malnutrition in all its forms WHO, 2017:

Burden of Disease Attributable to Main Risk Factors (2013)

Burden of Disease Attributable to Main Risk Factors (2010) Source : Lancet Dec, 2012

Role of fish in human nutrition World Health Organization Role of fish in human nutrition 18 February 2019 a source of proteins and healthy fats a unique source of essential nutrients, including long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (essential for optimal brain development), iodine, vitamin D, and calcium. fatty fish high in omega-3s and small fish eaten whole containing nutrients in the skin and bones clearly illustrate seafood’s irreplaceable nutritional value. Fish plays an important role in fighting hunger and malnutrition. Some fish and seafood can provide rich sources of iron. Clams, oysters and fish contain high amounts of heme iron. Other food system issues: Fish is very perishable, susceptible to high post-harvest losses due to handling during transport, storage and/or processing on the way to or in markets Up to 39% of fish is lost globally when taking into account discards prior to landing; 27% of landed fish ends up being lost or wasted (Gustavsson et al., 2011) USD $2.5 B lost annually in India due to poor handling infrastructure, lack of proper storage facilities and inadequate packaging in fisheries post-harvest operations (Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India)

SDG1, SDG2 and SDG14 Climate change threatens fish stocks and, in turn, the livelihoods of 500MM people, calling for a response that bolsters fisheries especially in developing nations (SDG target 1.5) Fish is a vital source of nutrients, necessary to fight all forms of malnutrition and reach internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting (SDG target 2.2) Current fishing practices will destabilize ocean ecosystems, requiring enhanced capacity building and sustainability efforts (SDG target 14)

ICN2 Rome Declaration Recognizes that current food systems are increasingly challenged to provide adequate food due to unsustainable production (para 10); Reaffirms that food and agriculture, including fisheries and aquaculture, need to be addressed comprehensively through coordinated public policies (para 14.e); Commits to enhancing sustainable food systems by developing coherent public policies from production to consumption (para 15.c); 10

Policy and Programme Options ICN2 Framework for Action Recommendations 9, 10, 11, 12 and 14 directly refer to sustainable food practices: Strengthen local food production and processing Applying sustainable food production and natural resource management practices Establish and strengthen institutions to enhance resilience of food supply with climate change

The Nutrition Decade is for everybody An opportunity to work together and fight all forms of malnutrition Country owned and country led action to implement agenda 2030 A time for all stakeholders to take ACTION

UN Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025 World Health Organization UN Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025 18 February 2019 Leverage the Decade to scale up response for sustainable food systems Calls for action to increase sustainability of fisheries, oceans, seas and marine resources in line with SDG 14 (Action Area 1) Means of implementation through commitments, action networks, fora

The Nutrition Decade needs champions Countries that make formal SMART commitments Member States leading and convening Action Networks Norway and other potential members of the Sustainable Fisheries Action Network sets the example!

Key Takeaways Malnutrition in all its forms affects all countries. Fish is an important source of proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, micronutrients, such as iron and calcium which are vital for proper visual and cognitive development, immune function and growth. Fish stocks are threatened, fisheries (including waste/loss) leaves an important environmental footprint that must be controlled to ensure climate sustainability. The 2030 Agenda calls for holistic action: SDGs 1, 2 and 14 are very much linked. The UN Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025 stimulates effective translation of the ICN2 commitments and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development into concrete, nationally-determined policies and programmes. The UN Decade of Action on Nutrition provides global connectivity among all constituencies working on food and nutrition-related programmes and initiatives and fosters synergies for action to achieve common goals.

http://www.who.int/nutrition/en/