Introduction Activity

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
THE LIFE CYCLE OF STARS Chapter 15 – 2 Part 2. A Tool for Studying Stars A Danish astronomer, Ejnar Hertzsprung, and American astronomer, Henry Russel,
Advertisements

Survival Team Exercise. Process Give individuals slides 3, 4 and 5 of this packet –Have individuals read the survival exercise and have each individual.
Star Properties!!.
They seem to form a picture in the sky. People use them to find their way around the sky like someone using objects to get from place to place.
Agenda Review magnitude scale and HR diagrams
Moon Landing Exercise. Moon Landing Exercise Join your group! Read the “Situation” description Individually rank the 15 “intact” items, 1 being the most.
STARS  Stars are the pieces of our universe.  Each star is fixed in a certain spot in its Galaxy.  Planets and other things orbit in a solar system.
Part 3: Characteristics of Stars STARS AND GALAXIES 1.
Space Science Unit Quick overview: Galaxies Multiple Star Systems Constellations Spectroscope Lab Toilet Paper Solar System Lab Characteristics of Stars.
Chapter 16 The Nature of Stars Astro1010-lee.com UVU Survey of Astronomy.
Moon Survivor A ranking activity. The situation Imagine you have crash landed on the moon. There is another ship within 200 miles from your position.
CW ___ Lost on the Moon.
Management, Leadership & Team Building
Stars.
Stars!!!! Galaxies and the Universe too!. Stars are far away! The closest star to Earth is the sun. The next closest is Proxima Centauri If you can travel.
Oneone ESS-5B Objective: To identify characteristics of stars in order to explain how these characteristics affect a star’s appearance from Earth. Astronomy.
Characteristics of Stars  Parallax is the method used by astronomers to study the distance to relatively nearby stars.  Parallax is the apparent.
Chapter 27 Stars and Galaxies Section 1 Characteristics of Stars Notes 27-2.
Moon Survival You have been newly assigned to the team who is to explore and complete research on the moon’s surface. You and your team are on the way.
Types of Stars.
You are stranded on the Moon. Your lunar rover has broken down 100 km from the lunar module. You have some equipment and supplies but there is too much.
How Do Astronomers Measure the Brightness of a Star? Stars vary greatly in brightness Stars vary greatly in brightness Early peoples observed bright stars.
Characteristics of Stars There are millions of stars in the universe, but they are very far apart. Because of this, distances between stars are measured.
Survival on Mars As part of their training, astronauts learn survival tactics before traveling into space. If you were stranded on Mars and your crew’s.
Section 15.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS.  Constellation: imaginary patterns of stars  Orion: the hunter, was named after a Greek myth  Stars in a constellation.
Survivor! Only Your Science Knowledge Can Save You Now!
Students Name: ………………………………………………………………….. Lunar Survival Exercise Michelle Fearn North Herts College.
12-1 Notes - Stars Chapter 12, Lesson 1.
Earth Science Ms. Cordaro San Marcos High School
Unit 2- Stars.
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
Distances in Space Characteristics of Stars
Stars.
Survival Team Exercise
Unit 2: The Sun and Other Stars
VENTURING LEADERSHIP SKILLS COURSE
Chp. 7: Astronomy Study Guide.
Early Release Day #1 Soft Skills Lessons.
Unit 2: The Sun and Other Stars
Characteristics of Stars
Survival Team Exercise
H-R Diagrams.
The Cincinnati Observatory
Chapter 21, section 2: Characteristics of stars
Section 2 – pg 598 Characteristics of Stars
STARS.
Survival in our Universe!
Fractions-Simplifying
Distance to the Stars How can the distance to a star be measured? The apparent change in position of an object with respect to a distant background is.
Major features of the Milky Way and the Universe
THE LIFE CYCLE OF STARS Chapter 15 – 2 Part 2.
Unit 2: The Sun and Other Stars
Proxima Centauri, the red star at the center, is the closest star to the sun. A star is a large, glowing ball of gas in space, which generates energy through.
What’s in Our Solar System?
Characteristics of Stars
NASA Survival Team Exercise
Classifying Stars Stars are classified by 3 Main Characteristics:
THE UNIVERSE Part 1: stars.
Integrated Science.
H-R Diagrams.
Stars.
The Lifecycle of Stars.
THE LIFE CYCLE OF STARS Chapter 15 – 2 Part 2.
A star is a large, glowing ball of gas in space, which generates energy through nuclear fusion in its core. The closest star to Earth is the sun, which.
Hertzsprung – Russell Diagram
EQ: What factors determine a star’s lifecycle?
Distance to the Stars How can the distance to a star be measured?
Classifying Stars – the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
LUNAR SURVIVAL SKILLS.
Presentation transcript:

Introduction Activity You are stranded on the Moon and you have 15 items to choose from. You must decided which ones are most important to take with you. Rank these items in order from 1-15, 1 being most important and 15 being the least important.

Stranded on the Moon: Box of Matches Food Concentrate 50 feet nylon rope Parachute silk Solar Powered Heating Unit Two .45 Caliber Pistols & Ammunition One case- Evaporated Milk Solar Powered FM receiver-transmitter Two 100-lb. tanks of oxygen Stellar Map (constellations as they appear from the moon) Self-Inflatable Life Raft Magnetic Compass 5 gallons of water Signal Flares First Aid Kit- Containing Injection Needles

Mini-lesson Introducing the H-R Diagram Space Science Unit Mini-lesson Introducing the H-R Diagram

What is the H-R Diagram?

What does it do? This chart uses surface temperature of the star and the absolute magnitude (brightness) of the star to help astronomers decide which phase of the star’s life cycle the star is in and other important information about the star. Most stars are what we consider main sequence (including our sun). They make up 90% of the stars in our sky. These stars are the diagonal strip running through the middle of the chart.

Why is it so important? This diagram is the single most important that astronomers use today. In the early 1900’s Ejnar Hertzsprung (Danish) and Henry Norris Russell (American) found a relationship between the absolute magnitude and the surface temperature. The men were working independently. Hertzsprung presented his information in 1905 in the form of tables, while Russell presented his observations in table form in 1913. Today the diagram is named for both men’s work in correlating a star’s brightness and surface temperature.

Absolute Magnitude Absolute Magnitude is the star’s actual brightness. Apparent Magnitude is how bright a star appears from Earth. The H-R Diagram is based on the actual brightness of a star. If we place two stars were the same distance from the Earth, and measured their brightness, this would be their absolute magnitude.

Surface Temperature Astronomers use color as a guide to determine the temperature. The hottest star is 50,000 °C The coolest star is around 3,000 °C Remember the Surface Temperature is less here than the core of the star.

So now what? The stars are plotted on the diagram according to their surface temperature and absolute magnitude. Once the stars are placed on the diagram, astronomers have noticed clustering of the plotted stars. These clusters are grouped together into the various stages of a stars life cycle. Let’s look at those briefly.

Main Sequence Stars Make up 90% of the stars These are medium sized stars Our sun is a main sequence star Sizes vary from 1/10 that of our Sun to 10 times that of our Sun Stars stay in this part of their life cycle for a long time; most of their “lives” The Sun

Giant Stars These stars are the next size up from the Main Sequence stars They are 10-100 times as large as our Sun

Super Giants The largest stars, larger than the giant stars Their diameters are 1,000 times that of our Sun A star this size would extend past Mars from where our Sun is now if compared to our Sun’s current size Due to their size, they are the shortest lived stars and die off quickly

White Dwarfs These are smaller than the sun and even the Earth The smallest know white dwarf has a diameter that is less then the distance across Asia

Neutron Stars These are the smallest stars A typical neutron star is 16 km in diameter

Parallax Now using the parallax activity we will demonstrate the concept of parallax, which is the apparent change of a stars position in the sky. The stars are not really moving, rather the Earth is and therefore we see different constellations during different seasons. This is used to measure a stars distance from Earth as well.

This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching.