Figure Number: 26-00CO 26-00CO Title: Stearic and Linoleic Acids Caption: Stick models embedded in electrostatic potential maps of stearic acid and linoleic acid. Notes: Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid (found in saturated fats). Linoleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid (found in unsaturated fats). Saturated fatty acids have no carbon–carbon double bonds in their hydrocarbon "tails." They generally take up extended conformations and stack together efficiently, producing solids. Unsaturated fats have one or more C–C double bonds in their hydrocarbon tails. The double bond(s) cause the tails to fold over rather than take up an extended conformation. Unsaturated fatty-acid molecules do not stack together efficiently, and unsaturated fatty acids are generally liquid oils at room temperature. Diacylglycerol fats and oils are called lipids.

Figure Number: 26-00-02T01 Title: Table 26.1 common naturally occurring fatty acids Caption: Notes:

Figure Number: 26-00-03UN Title: Fatty Acids Caption: Space-filling models of stearic, oleic, linolenic, and linoleic acids. Notes: Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature. The others are unsaturated fatty acids which are oils at room temperature. Note that only stearic acid has an extended conformation.

Figure Number: 26-00-04UN Title: Fatty Acids Caption: Space-filling models of stearic, oleic, linolenic, and linoleic acids. Notes: Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature. The others are unsaturated fatty acids which are oils at room temperature. Note that only stearic acid has an extended conformation.

Figure Number: 26-00-05UN Title: Fatty Acids Caption: Space-filling models of stearic, oleic, linolenic, and linoleic acids. Notes: Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature. The others are unsaturated fatty acids which are oils at room temperature. Note that only stearic acid has an extended conformation.

Figure Number: 26-00-06UN Title: Fatty Acids Caption: Space-filling models of stearic, oleic, linolenic, and linoleic acids. Notes: Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid which is a solid at room temperature. The others are unsaturated fatty acids which are oils at room temperature. Note that only stearic acid has an extended conformation.

Figure Number: 26-00-13UN Title: Fats and Oils Caption: Space-filling models of a triacylglycerol fat and a triacylglycerol oil. Notes: Saturated fatty acid chains pack together well in triacylglycerol molecules as well as they do in single fatty acid molecules. Furthermore, saturated fat (triacylglycerol) molecules also pack together well, so saturated fats are solids at room temperature. Triacylglycerols composed of unsaturated fatty acids do not pack together well, so unsaturated fats are generally oils at room temperature. The term "fats" is often used to refer to solid (mostly saturated) fats and the term "oils" is often used to refer to liquid (unsaturated) fats.

Figure Number: 26-00-14UN Title: Fats and Oils Caption: Space-filling models of a triacylglycerol fat and a triacylglycerol oil. Notes: Saturated fatty acid chains pack together well in triacylglycerol molecules as well as they do in single fatty acid molecules. Furthermore, saturated fat (triacylglycerol) molecules also pack together well, so saturated fats are solids at room temperature. Triacylglycerols composed of unsaturated fatty acids do not pack together well, so unsaturated fats are generally oils at room temperature. The term "fats" is often used to refer to solid (mostly saturated) fats and the term "oils" is often used to refer to liquid (unsaturated) fats.

Figure Number: 26-00-23UN Title: Distearylphosphatidylserine Caption: Space-filling model of distearylphosphatidylserine. Notes: Distearylphosphatidylserine is a phosphatidylserine. A phosphatidylserine is built from a molecule of serine (an amino acid) and a phospholipid molecule. A phospholipid molecule is built from a molecule of glycerol, two fatty acid molecules, and a molecule of phosphoric acid. Phospholipids and phosphatidylserines are found in cell membranes. Also found in cell membranes are phosphatidylethanolamines (similar to phosphatidylserines except that ethanolamine is used in place of serine) and phosphatidylcholines (choline used in place of serine).

Figure Number: 26-01 Title: Figure 26.1 Caption: Schematic drawing of a lipid bilayer showing closeup of molecular structure of positively charged polar phosphatidylethanolammonium head group on a lipid molecule. Notes: Cell membranes are made from two layers of lipid molecules, with cholesterol and protein molecules interspersed throughout this bilayer at various places. The polar head groups on the lipid molecules face either into the environment outside of the cell (usually aqueous) or into the inside of the cell (which is always an aqueous environment). The nonpolar tails of the lipid molecules face toward the center of the cell membrane (bilayer), which is a nonpolar "hydrophobic" environment.

Figure Number: Title: Table 26.2 Approximate Percentage of Fatty Acids in Some Common Fats and Oils Caption: Notes:

Figure Number: Title: Table 26.3 Classification of Terpenes Caption: Notes:

Figure Number: 26-00-02T01 Title: Table 26.1 common naturally occurring fatty acids Caption: Notes: